Table 15.5 (continued)
Plant/vegetable
specie
Extract/compounds
Effects
References
Coffee (Coffea
arabica L.)
Quinides and
chlorogenic acids/
120 mg/kg
Improvement in glucose
tolerance and insulin
sensitivity and a lower risk
of DM
Chang et al.
(2013),
Tunnicliffe and
Shearer (2008)
Garlic (Allium
sativum L.)
Oil/150 mg/kg
Significantly lowered the
levels of blood glucose, and
improved the levels of
plasma insulin, increased
insulin secretion and
insulin sensitivity
Moradabadi
et al. (2013)
Ginger (Zingiber
officinale
Roscoe)
Gingerol/500 mg/kg
Showed significant
decreased blood glucose
Jafri et al. (2011)
Grape (Vitis
vinifera L.)
Condensed tannins
and flavonoinds/
100 mg/kg
Showed significantly
reduces the postprandial
plasma glucose
Sapwarobol
et al. (2012)
Guava (Psidium
guajava L.)
Leaf Tea/200 mg/kg
Showed significantly
reduces the postprandial
plasma glucose
Deguchi and
Miyazaki (2010)
Jackfruit
(Artocarpus
heterophyllus
Lam.)
Condensed tannins
and flavonoinds/
400 mg/kg
Significant decrease in
blood glucose
Shahin et al.
(2012)
Loquat
(Eriobotrya
japonica Lindl.)
Total triterpene acid
fraction at 300 mg/
kg day and Total
sesquiterpenes at
30 g/kg day
Caused significant
hypoglycemic effects on
normal, alloxan and
STZ-induced diabetic mice
Li et al. (2007)
Lychee (Litchi
chinensis Sonn)
Oligonol and
polyphenol/10 mg/
kg
Attenuated
diabetes-induced hepatic
damage via regulation of
oxidative stress and lipid
metabolism
Noh et al. (2011)
Mango
(Mangifera
indica Linn.
(Anacardiaceae))
Aqueous extract of
leaves/250, 500 and
1000 mg/kg
Was effective in
maintaining the long-term
hypoglycemic effect, as
well as, significantly
increased the sensitivity of
diabetic animals to insulin
and the plasma insulin level
Villas Boas et al.
(2020)
Nopal (Opuntia
ficus-indica var.
saboten)
Aqueous extract
(water-soluble
dietary fiber,
vitamin c, and
polyphenols/
flavonoids)/250,
500, and 1000
mg/kg
Play role in intestinal
glucose absorption, glucose
uptake to peripheral tissues,
and improvement of insulin
action
Leem et al.
(2016)
(continued)
15 Role of Natural Bio-active Compounds …
551
Plant/vegetable
specie
Extract/compounds
Effects
References
Coffee (Coffea
arabica L.)
Quinides and
chlorogenic acids/
120 mg/kg
Improvement in glucose
tolerance and insulin
sensitivity and a lower risk
of DM
Chang et al.
(2013),
Tunnicliffe and
Shearer (2008)
Garlic (Allium
sativum L.)
Oil/150 mg/kg
Significantly lowered the
levels of blood glucose, and
improved the levels of
plasma insulin, increased
insulin secretion and
insulin sensitivity
Moradabadi
et al. (2013)
Ginger (Zingiber
officinale
Roscoe)
Gingerol/500 mg/kg
Showed significant
decreased blood glucose
Jafri et al. (2011)
Grape (Vitis
vinifera L.)
Condensed tannins
and flavonoinds/
100 mg/kg
Showed significantly
reduces the postprandial
plasma glucose
Sapwarobol
et al. (2012)
Guava (Psidium
guajava L.)
Leaf Tea/200 mg/kg
Showed significantly
reduces the postprandial
plasma glucose
Deguchi and
Miyazaki (2010)
Jackfruit
(Artocarpus
heterophyllus
Lam.)
Condensed tannins
and flavonoinds/
400 mg/kg
Significant decrease in
blood glucose
Shahin et al.
(2012)
Loquat
(Eriobotrya
japonica Lindl.)
Total triterpene acid
fraction at 300 mg/
kg day and Total
sesquiterpenes at
30 g/kg day
Caused significant
hypoglycemic effects on
normal, alloxan and
STZ-induced diabetic mice
Li et al. (2007)
Lychee (Litchi
chinensis Sonn)
Oligonol and
polyphenol/10 mg/
kg
Attenuated
diabetes-induced hepatic
damage via regulation of
oxidative stress and lipid
metabolism
Noh et al. (2011)
Mango
(Mangifera
indica Linn.
(Anacardiaceae))
Aqueous extract of
leaves/250, 500 and
1000 mg/kg
Was effective in
maintaining the long-term
hypoglycemic effect, as
well as, significantly
increased the sensitivity of
diabetic animals to insulin
and the plasma insulin level
Villas Boas et al.
(2020)
Nopal (Opuntia
ficus-indica var.
saboten)
Aqueous extract
(water-soluble
dietary fiber,
vitamin c, and
polyphenols/
flavonoids)/250,
500, and 1000
mg/kg
Play role in intestinal
glucose absorption, glucose
uptake to peripheral tissues,
and improvement of insulin
action
Leem et al.
(2016)
(continued)
15 Role of Natural Bio-active Compounds …
551