Kamble H, Kandhare AD, Bodhankar S, Mohan V, Thakurdesai P (2013) Effect of low molecular
weight galactomannans from fenugreek seeds on animal models of diabetes mellitus. Biomed
Aging Path 3:145–151
Karthikeyan M, Umarul MA, Megha M, Shadeer HP (2012) Formulation of diclofenac tablets for
rapid pain relief. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2:308–311
Kaur G, Mahajan M, Bassi P (2013) Derivatized polysaccharides: preparation, characterization,
and application as bioadhesive polymer for drug delivery. Int J Polym Mater Po 62:475–481
Kaviarasan S, Anuradha CV (2007) Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed polyphenols
protect liver from alcohol toxicity: a role on hepatic detoxification system and apoptosis.
Pharmazie 62:299–304
Konapure SA, Chaudhari PS, Oswal RJ, Kshirsagar SS, Antre RV, Chorage TV (2011) Mouth
dissolving tablets an innovative technology. Int J Appl Biol Pharm 2:496–503
Krishnakumar IM, Maliakel A, Gopakumar G, Kumar D, Maliakel B, Kuttan R (2015) Improved
blood–brain-barrier permeability and tissue distribution following the oral administration of a
food-grade formulation of curcumin with fenugreek fibre. J Funct Foods 14:215–225
Krishnakumar IM, Ravi A, Kumar D, Kuttan R, Maliakel B (2012) An enhanced bioavailable
formulation of curcumin using fenugreek-derived soluble dietary fibre. J Funct Foods
4:348–357
Kumar GS, Shetty AK, Sambaiah K, Salimath PV (2005) Antidiabetic property of fenugreek seed
mucilage and spent turmeric in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Nutr Res 25:1021–1028
Kumar L, Verma S, Vaidya B, Gupta V (2017) Bioadhesive polymers for targeted drug delivery.
In: Nanotechnology-based approaches for targeting and delivery of drugs and genes. Academic
Press, pp 322–362
Kumar MU, Babu MK (2014) Design and evaluation of fast dissolving tablets containing
diclofenac sodium using fenugreek gum as a natural superdisintegrant. Asian Pac J Trop
Biomed 4:329–334
Kumar P, Bhandari U, Jamadagni S (2014) Fenugreek seed extract inhibit fat accumulation and
ameliorates dyslipidemia in high fat diet-induced obese rats. Biomed Res Int 2014:1–11
Kumar R, Patil S, Patil MB, Patil SR, Paschapur MS (2009) Isolation and evaluation of
disintegrant properties of fenugreek seed mucilage. Int J PharmTech Res 1:982–996
Lee CH, Moturi V, Lee Y (2009) Thixotropic property in pharmaceutical formulations. J Control
Release 136:88–98
Li Y, Maciel D, Rodrigues J, Shi X, Tomas H (2015) Biodegradable polymer nanogels for drug/
nucleic acid delivery. Chem Rev 115:8564–8608
Liu Y, Kakani R, Nair MG (2012) Compounds in functional food fenugreek spice exhibit
anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Food Chem 131:1187–1192
Lu FR, Shen L, Qin Y, Gao L, Li H, Dai Y (2008) Clinical observation on trigonella
foenum-graecum L. total saponins in combination with sulfonylureas in the treatment of type 2
diabetes mellitus. Chin J Integr Med 14:56–60
Mathupala SP, Rempel A, Pedersen PL (1997) Aberrant glycolytic metabolism of cancer cells: a
remarkable coordination of genetic, transcriptional, post-translational, and mutational events
that lead to a critical role for type II hexokinase. J Bioenerg Biomembr 29:339–343
McConnell EL, Fadda HM, Basit AW (2008) Gut instincts: explorations in intestinal physiology
and drug delivery. Int J Pharm 364:213–226
McKarns SC, Schwartz RH (2005) Distinct effects of TGF-b1 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cell survival,
division, and IL-2 production: a role for T cell intrinsic Smad3. J Immunol 174:2071–2083
Mohammad S, Taha A, Akhtar K, Bamezai RNK, Baquer NZ (2006) In vivo effect of Trigonella
foenum graecum on the expression of pyruvate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase,
and distribution of glucose transporter (GLUT4) in alloxan-diabetic rats. Can J Physiol
Pharmacol 84:647–654
Momin MM, Kane S, Abhang P (2015) Formulation and evaluation of bilayer tablet for bimodal
release of venlafaxine hydrochloride. Front Pharmacol 6:144
11 Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Applications of Fenugreek Gum
405
weight galactomannans from fenugreek seeds on animal models of diabetes mellitus. Biomed
Aging Path 3:145–151
Karthikeyan M, Umarul MA, Megha M, Shadeer HP (2012) Formulation of diclofenac tablets for
rapid pain relief. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2:308–311
Kaur G, Mahajan M, Bassi P (2013) Derivatized polysaccharides: preparation, characterization,
and application as bioadhesive polymer for drug delivery. Int J Polym Mater Po 62:475–481
Kaviarasan S, Anuradha CV (2007) Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed polyphenols
protect liver from alcohol toxicity: a role on hepatic detoxification system and apoptosis.
Pharmazie 62:299–304
Konapure SA, Chaudhari PS, Oswal RJ, Kshirsagar SS, Antre RV, Chorage TV (2011) Mouth
dissolving tablets an innovative technology. Int J Appl Biol Pharm 2:496–503
Krishnakumar IM, Maliakel A, Gopakumar G, Kumar D, Maliakel B, Kuttan R (2015) Improved
blood–brain-barrier permeability and tissue distribution following the oral administration of a
food-grade formulation of curcumin with fenugreek fibre. J Funct Foods 14:215–225
Krishnakumar IM, Ravi A, Kumar D, Kuttan R, Maliakel B (2012) An enhanced bioavailable
formulation of curcumin using fenugreek-derived soluble dietary fibre. J Funct Foods
4:348–357
Kumar GS, Shetty AK, Sambaiah K, Salimath PV (2005) Antidiabetic property of fenugreek seed
mucilage and spent turmeric in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Nutr Res 25:1021–1028
Kumar L, Verma S, Vaidya B, Gupta V (2017) Bioadhesive polymers for targeted drug delivery.
In: Nanotechnology-based approaches for targeting and delivery of drugs and genes. Academic
Press, pp 322–362
Kumar MU, Babu MK (2014) Design and evaluation of fast dissolving tablets containing
diclofenac sodium using fenugreek gum as a natural superdisintegrant. Asian Pac J Trop
Biomed 4:329–334
Kumar P, Bhandari U, Jamadagni S (2014) Fenugreek seed extract inhibit fat accumulation and
ameliorates dyslipidemia in high fat diet-induced obese rats. Biomed Res Int 2014:1–11
Kumar R, Patil S, Patil MB, Patil SR, Paschapur MS (2009) Isolation and evaluation of
disintegrant properties of fenugreek seed mucilage. Int J PharmTech Res 1:982–996
Lee CH, Moturi V, Lee Y (2009) Thixotropic property in pharmaceutical formulations. J Control
Release 136:88–98
Li Y, Maciel D, Rodrigues J, Shi X, Tomas H (2015) Biodegradable polymer nanogels for drug/
nucleic acid delivery. Chem Rev 115:8564–8608
Liu Y, Kakani R, Nair MG (2012) Compounds in functional food fenugreek spice exhibit
anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Food Chem 131:1187–1192
Lu FR, Shen L, Qin Y, Gao L, Li H, Dai Y (2008) Clinical observation on trigonella
foenum-graecum L. total saponins in combination with sulfonylureas in the treatment of type 2
diabetes mellitus. Chin J Integr Med 14:56–60
Mathupala SP, Rempel A, Pedersen PL (1997) Aberrant glycolytic metabolism of cancer cells: a
remarkable coordination of genetic, transcriptional, post-translational, and mutational events
that lead to a critical role for type II hexokinase. J Bioenerg Biomembr 29:339–343
McConnell EL, Fadda HM, Basit AW (2008) Gut instincts: explorations in intestinal physiology
and drug delivery. Int J Pharm 364:213–226
McKarns SC, Schwartz RH (2005) Distinct effects of TGF-b1 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cell survival,
division, and IL-2 production: a role for T cell intrinsic Smad3. J Immunol 174:2071–2083
Mohammad S, Taha A, Akhtar K, Bamezai RNK, Baquer NZ (2006) In vivo effect of Trigonella
foenum graecum on the expression of pyruvate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase,
and distribution of glucose transporter (GLUT4) in alloxan-diabetic rats. Can J Physiol
Pharmacol 84:647–654
Momin MM, Kane S, Abhang P (2015) Formulation and evaluation of bilayer tablet for bimodal
release of venlafaxine hydrochloride. Front Pharmacol 6:144
11 Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Applications of Fenugreek Gum
405