structure of various secondary plant metabolites, their biosynthesis and their
pharmacological activities may be considered as an informative tool for the
development and research purpose of phytoconstituents. Secondary metabolites are
available in much smaller quantities than primary metabolites and are very much
expensive to produce or extract them. In spite of different difficulties, the herbalist
and scientists are giving much effort to discover new molecules for relief and cure
of various diseases.
References
Akihisa T, Koike K, Kimura Y, Sashida N, Matsumoto T, Ukiya M, Nikaido T (1999) Acyclic and
incompletely cyclized triterpene alcohols in the seed oils of theaceae and gramineae. Lipids 34
(11):1151–1175
Ali M (2019) Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, 2nd edn. CBS Publishers and Distribution,
New Delhi, pp 1–514
Amann R, Peskar BA (2002) Anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin and sodium salicylate. Eur J
Pharmacol 447(1):1–9
Anbalahan N (2017) Pharmacological activity of mucilage isolated from medicinal plants. Int J
Appl Pure Sci Agri 3(1): 98–113. e-ISSN: 2394-5532, p-ISSN: 2394-823X
Aniszewski T (2007) Alkaloids-secrets of life: alkaloid chemistry, biological significance,
applications and pharmacological role, Elsevier, pp 1–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0444-52736-3.X5000-4.
Asif HM, Akram M, Saeed TM, Khan I, Akhtar N, Ur Rehman R, Ali Shah SM, Ahmed K,
Shaheen G (2011) Review paper carbohydrates. Int Res J Biochem Bioinformatics 1(1):1–5
Assa Y, Shany S, Gestetner B, Tencer Y, Birk Y, Bondi A (1973) Interaction of alfalfa saponins
with components of the erythrocyte membrane in hemolysis. Biochem Biophys Acta 307
(1):83–91
Au TK, Chick PC, Leung PC (2000) The biology of ophiobolins. Life Sci 67:733–742
Bagci E, Yazgin A, Hayta S, Cakilcioglu U (2010) Composition of the essential oil of Teucrium
chamaedrys L. (Lamiaceae) from Turkey, J Med Plants Res 4(23): 2587–2589
Baker EA (1982) Chemistry and morphology of plant epicuticular waxes. In: Cutler DF, Alvin KL
(eds) The plant cuticle, Price C.E Academic press, London, UK. ISBN 0-12-19990-3
Bennets HW, Underwood EJ, Shier FL (1946) A specific breeding problem of sheep in
subterranean clover pastures in Western Australia. Aust Vet J 22(1):2–12
Bergman ME, Davis B, Phillips A (2019) Review: medically useful plant terpenoids—
biosynthesis occurrence and mechanism of action. Molecules 24:3961–3983. https://doi.org/
10.3390/molecules24213961
Bourgaud F, Gravot A, Milesi S, Gontier E (2001) Production of plant secondary metabolites: a
historical perspective. Plant Sci 161:839–851
Bruni R et al (2019) Botanical sources chemistry analysis and biological activity of
furanocoumarins of pharmaceutical interest. Molecules 24:2163–2187
Catarino MD, Silva AMS, Cruz MT, Cardoso SM (2017) Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
activities of Geranium robertianum L. decoctions. Food and Function 8(9): 3355–3365. https://
doi.org/10.1039/c7fo00881c
Cheeke PR (2001) Glycosides: naturally occurring, Wiley online library. https://10.1038/npg.
els.0000692
Clarke EGC (1970) The forensic chemistry of alkaloids. In: Manske HF (ed) The Alkaloids, vol
XII. Academic Press, New York, pp 514–590
374
C. C. Kandar
pharmacological activities may be considered as an informative tool for the
development and research purpose of phytoconstituents. Secondary metabolites are
available in much smaller quantities than primary metabolites and are very much
expensive to produce or extract them. In spite of different difficulties, the herbalist
and scientists are giving much effort to discover new molecules for relief and cure
of various diseases.
References
Akihisa T, Koike K, Kimura Y, Sashida N, Matsumoto T, Ukiya M, Nikaido T (1999) Acyclic and
incompletely cyclized triterpene alcohols in the seed oils of theaceae and gramineae. Lipids 34
(11):1151–1175
Ali M (2019) Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, 2nd edn. CBS Publishers and Distribution,
New Delhi, pp 1–514
Amann R, Peskar BA (2002) Anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin and sodium salicylate. Eur J
Pharmacol 447(1):1–9
Anbalahan N (2017) Pharmacological activity of mucilage isolated from medicinal plants. Int J
Appl Pure Sci Agri 3(1): 98–113. e-ISSN: 2394-5532, p-ISSN: 2394-823X
Aniszewski T (2007) Alkaloids-secrets of life: alkaloid chemistry, biological significance,
applications and pharmacological role, Elsevier, pp 1–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0444-52736-3.X5000-4.
Asif HM, Akram M, Saeed TM, Khan I, Akhtar N, Ur Rehman R, Ali Shah SM, Ahmed K,
Shaheen G (2011) Review paper carbohydrates. Int Res J Biochem Bioinformatics 1(1):1–5
Assa Y, Shany S, Gestetner B, Tencer Y, Birk Y, Bondi A (1973) Interaction of alfalfa saponins
with components of the erythrocyte membrane in hemolysis. Biochem Biophys Acta 307
(1):83–91
Au TK, Chick PC, Leung PC (2000) The biology of ophiobolins. Life Sci 67:733–742
Bagci E, Yazgin A, Hayta S, Cakilcioglu U (2010) Composition of the essential oil of Teucrium
chamaedrys L. (Lamiaceae) from Turkey, J Med Plants Res 4(23): 2587–2589
Baker EA (1982) Chemistry and morphology of plant epicuticular waxes. In: Cutler DF, Alvin KL
(eds) The plant cuticle, Price C.E Academic press, London, UK. ISBN 0-12-19990-3
Bennets HW, Underwood EJ, Shier FL (1946) A specific breeding problem of sheep in
subterranean clover pastures in Western Australia. Aust Vet J 22(1):2–12
Bergman ME, Davis B, Phillips A (2019) Review: medically useful plant terpenoids—
biosynthesis occurrence and mechanism of action. Molecules 24:3961–3983. https://doi.org/
10.3390/molecules24213961
Bourgaud F, Gravot A, Milesi S, Gontier E (2001) Production of plant secondary metabolites: a
historical perspective. Plant Sci 161:839–851
Bruni R et al (2019) Botanical sources chemistry analysis and biological activity of
furanocoumarins of pharmaceutical interest. Molecules 24:2163–2187
Catarino MD, Silva AMS, Cruz MT, Cardoso SM (2017) Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
activities of Geranium robertianum L. decoctions. Food and Function 8(9): 3355–3365. https://
doi.org/10.1039/c7fo00881c
Cheeke PR (2001) Glycosides: naturally occurring, Wiley online library. https://10.1038/npg.
els.0000692
Clarke EGC (1970) The forensic chemistry of alkaloids. In: Manske HF (ed) The Alkaloids, vol
XII. Academic Press, New York, pp 514–590
374
C. C. Kandar