presence of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate whereas flavonol was maximum obtained through methionine elicitation. These data confirmed the importance of abiotic elicitors on the growth of secondary metabolites present in broccoli
plant (Hassini et al. 2019).
1.4.1.12 Effect of Abiotic Elicitors on Steviol and Adventitious Root
Growth in Stevia rebaudiana Plant
Kazmi et al. scientifically proved the importance of abiotic elicitors (MJ, phenyl
acetic acid and melatonin) on the growth of steviol glycoside and adventitious roots
in Stevia rebaudiana plant. The experiment was started with culturing the small
pieces of root, stem and leaf portions of the plant in MS medium with BA, IAA and
naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) as growth regulators, then the explants were elicited
using different concentrations of melatonin, phenyl acetic acid and MJ for a period
of 15, 30 and 45 min. The elicited dry mass of the explants were estimated with
total phenolic and flavonoid content as well as evaluated by antioxidative assay
methods. The outcomes revealed that in case of root maximum morphogenic
response was given by combination of 2.0 mg/L of benzylaminopurine (BA) and
1.0 mg/L of NAA; in case of leaf maximum morphogenic response was obtained
from 0.5 mg/L of NAA and from stem maximum morphogenic response was
obtained using 2.0 mg/L of BA plant regulators. Maximum adventitious roots were
obtained from 0.5 mg/L of MJ after 30 min dipping time. Total phenolic and
flavonoid contents were highly obtained from in vitro plants but among the elicitors
MJ-adventitious root combination wins the race and MJ-adventitous root combination was also observed with higher antioxidative effect (Fig. 1.5). So these data
confirmed the importance of the abiotic elicitors on Stevia rebaudiana plant (Kazmi
et al. 2019).
1.4.1.13 Effect of Ultrasound on Secondary Metabolite Accumulation
in Tomato Plant
Lu et al. experimentally proved the importance of high intensity ultrasound on
secondary metabolite accumulation and antioxidative efficiency of Solanum
lycopersicum (tomato) plant. The experiment was started with ultrasound treatment
of tomatoes with ultrasound (25 kHz) for (1–4) min at room temperature with
26 W/L of acoustic power density. After 0 h, 24 h and 48 h of treatment, the
elicited tomatoes were checked for firmness, total phenolic content, lycopene
content, total carotenoid content and ascorbic acid followed by antioxidative efficiency evaluation. The outcomes showed that firmness of tomatoes were not
remarkably changed so it can stored for longer time; total phenolic content was
maximum after 48 h of storage with 2 min of ultrasound treatment; maximum
lycopene and carotenoid contents were obtained after 48 h of storage with (1–4)
min of treatment as well as ascorbic acid content was higher with 3 min of
12
S. Saha and D. Pal
plant (Hassini et al. 2019).
1.4.1.12 Effect of Abiotic Elicitors on Steviol and Adventitious Root
Growth in Stevia rebaudiana Plant
Kazmi et al. scientifically proved the importance of abiotic elicitors (MJ, phenyl
acetic acid and melatonin) on the growth of steviol glycoside and adventitious roots
in Stevia rebaudiana plant. The experiment was started with culturing the small
pieces of root, stem and leaf portions of the plant in MS medium with BA, IAA and
naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) as growth regulators, then the explants were elicited
using different concentrations of melatonin, phenyl acetic acid and MJ for a period
of 15, 30 and 45 min. The elicited dry mass of the explants were estimated with
total phenolic and flavonoid content as well as evaluated by antioxidative assay
methods. The outcomes revealed that in case of root maximum morphogenic
response was given by combination of 2.0 mg/L of benzylaminopurine (BA) and
1.0 mg/L of NAA; in case of leaf maximum morphogenic response was obtained
from 0.5 mg/L of NAA and from stem maximum morphogenic response was
obtained using 2.0 mg/L of BA plant regulators. Maximum adventitious roots were
obtained from 0.5 mg/L of MJ after 30 min dipping time. Total phenolic and
flavonoid contents were highly obtained from in vitro plants but among the elicitors
MJ-adventitious root combination wins the race and MJ-adventitous root combination was also observed with higher antioxidative effect (Fig. 1.5). So these data
confirmed the importance of the abiotic elicitors on Stevia rebaudiana plant (Kazmi
et al. 2019).
1.4.1.13 Effect of Ultrasound on Secondary Metabolite Accumulation
in Tomato Plant
Lu et al. experimentally proved the importance of high intensity ultrasound on
secondary metabolite accumulation and antioxidative efficiency of Solanum
lycopersicum (tomato) plant. The experiment was started with ultrasound treatment
of tomatoes with ultrasound (25 kHz) for (1–4) min at room temperature with
26 W/L of acoustic power density. After 0 h, 24 h and 48 h of treatment, the
elicited tomatoes were checked for firmness, total phenolic content, lycopene
content, total carotenoid content and ascorbic acid followed by antioxidative efficiency evaluation. The outcomes showed that firmness of tomatoes were not
remarkably changed so it can stored for longer time; total phenolic content was
maximum after 48 h of storage with 2 min of ultrasound treatment; maximum
lycopene and carotenoid contents were obtained after 48 h of storage with (1–4)
min of treatment as well as ascorbic acid content was higher with 3 min of
12
S. Saha and D. Pal