Squalene on further structural modification produces various aglycone namely,
diosgenin, yamogenin, tigogenin, etc. (Fig. 10.10).
10.4 Phenolic Compounds
Among all the secondary plant products, phenolic compounds have created great
importance in plant systems. The color, flavor, and taste of the plant parts, foods,
and drinks are due to the presence of phenolic compounds such as flavonoids,
coumarins, and tannins, etc. Therefore, phenolic compounds have become the
Ephedrine
Mescaline
NH 2
COOH
Phenyl alanine
Papaverine
Thebaine
Codeine
Morphine
Emetine
Colchicine
NH 2
COOH
HO
O
H
DOPA
Hydroxylation
NH 2
COOH
HO
Tyrosine
Fig. 10.6 Schematic diagram of biosynthesis of alkaloids derived from tyrosine and phenyl
alanine
Tryptophan
Tryptamine
Secologanine
Vincoside
Quinine
Dimethylallyl
tryptophan
N-Methyl dimethyl allyl
tryptophan
Chanoclavine
Agroclavine
Elymoclavine
Lysergic acid
Fig. 10.7 Schematic diagram of biosynthesis of alkaloids derived from tryptophan
340
C. C. Kandar