1.4 Application of Elicitors on the Production
of Secondary Metabolites
1.4.1 Production of Secondary Metabolites Using Abiotic
Elicitors
1.4.1.1 Effect of Arachidonic and Jasmonic Acid Elicitors
on Secondary Metabolites of Wheatgrass
Zlotek et al. was scientifically tested the effect of abiotic elicitors as arachidonic
acid and jasmonic acid on the phenolic and flavonoid content of wheatgrass
(Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment started with slightly grown wheatgrass
plant treated with different concentration of arachidonic acid and jasmonic acid
(arachidonic acid: 0.01, 1.0 and 100 µM; jasmonic acid: 0.01, 1 and 100 µM) at a
relative humidity of 70%, 18 °C of temperature and 200 µmol m
−2 s
−1 of photon
flux density. Thereafter the growth of the plants were prominent, then make it dry
followed by centrifuged at 9000 g force for 30 min. The total phenolic content,
flavonoid content, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated.
The outcomes revealed that amount of principle flavonoids (luteolin and apigenin)
and phenolic compounds (ferulic acid and syringic acid) were remain unchanged
after elicitation, some polyphenolic compounds observed with increased amount;
but the anti-inflammatory activity was markedly improved. The outcomes concluded that 0.01 lM of arachidonic acid showed better elicitation behavior than
jasmonic acid (Złotek et al. 2019).
1.4.1.2 Effect Abiotic Elicitors on Secondary Metabolites of Thyme,
Greater Celandine and Parsley
Kleinwachter et al. was experimentally proved the effects of slight drought and
abiotic elicitors on the production of secondary metabolites of thyme (Thymus
vulgaris), greater celandine (Chelidonium majus) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum). The experimental procedure was started with the minimization of water
supply to the plant by 50% and continue until the evaporation done by plants were
80% reduced than usual. These conditions leads to the abrupt ratio of soil and water
by (6–10)% as compare to the control plant (17–20)%. Then the samplings of
thyme and greater celandine were treated with methyl jasmonate (MJ) (0.2 mM)
and parsley sampling was treated with (2 mM) concentration, followed by addition
of salicylic acid solution. Then the samplings were quantified the production of
monoterpenes in thyme, benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in greater celandine, flavones
and essential oil in in parsley. The outcomes revealed that the quantity of benzylisoquinoline in greater celandine was increased by 46% and flavones were
increased by 70% in parsley; but the minimized water supply reduced the overall
content of the plants due to its lesser growth. The presence of salicylic acid does not
6
S. Saha and D. Pal
of Secondary Metabolites
1.4.1 Production of Secondary Metabolites Using Abiotic
Elicitors
1.4.1.1 Effect of Arachidonic and Jasmonic Acid Elicitors
on Secondary Metabolites of Wheatgrass
Zlotek et al. was scientifically tested the effect of abiotic elicitors as arachidonic
acid and jasmonic acid on the phenolic and flavonoid content of wheatgrass
(Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment started with slightly grown wheatgrass
plant treated with different concentration of arachidonic acid and jasmonic acid
(arachidonic acid: 0.01, 1.0 and 100 µM; jasmonic acid: 0.01, 1 and 100 µM) at a
relative humidity of 70%, 18 °C of temperature and 200 µmol m
−2 s
−1 of photon
flux density. Thereafter the growth of the plants were prominent, then make it dry
followed by centrifuged at 9000 g force for 30 min. The total phenolic content,
flavonoid content, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated.
The outcomes revealed that amount of principle flavonoids (luteolin and apigenin)
and phenolic compounds (ferulic acid and syringic acid) were remain unchanged
after elicitation, some polyphenolic compounds observed with increased amount;
but the anti-inflammatory activity was markedly improved. The outcomes concluded that 0.01 lM of arachidonic acid showed better elicitation behavior than
jasmonic acid (Złotek et al. 2019).
1.4.1.2 Effect Abiotic Elicitors on Secondary Metabolites of Thyme,
Greater Celandine and Parsley
Kleinwachter et al. was experimentally proved the effects of slight drought and
abiotic elicitors on the production of secondary metabolites of thyme (Thymus
vulgaris), greater celandine (Chelidonium majus) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum). The experimental procedure was started with the minimization of water
supply to the plant by 50% and continue until the evaporation done by plants were
80% reduced than usual. These conditions leads to the abrupt ratio of soil and water
by (6–10)% as compare to the control plant (17–20)%. Then the samplings of
thyme and greater celandine were treated with methyl jasmonate (MJ) (0.2 mM)
and parsley sampling was treated with (2 mM) concentration, followed by addition
of salicylic acid solution. Then the samplings were quantified the production of
monoterpenes in thyme, benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in greater celandine, flavones
and essential oil in in parsley. The outcomes revealed that the quantity of benzylisoquinoline in greater celandine was increased by 46% and flavones were
increased by 70% in parsley; but the minimized water supply reduced the overall
content of the plants due to its lesser growth. The presence of salicylic acid does not
6
S. Saha and D. Pal