Table 6.1 (continued)
Chemical category
Plant source
Mode of action
Flavones
Luteolin
Lonicera Japonica
Reduce the release of
inflammatory mediators,
reduce ICAM-1
expression COX-2.
Inhibit Hsp90 activity
Apigenin
Cynodon dactylon,
Salvia officinalis L.,
Portulaca oleracea,
Mentha longifolia
Downregulate the
expression of cytokines.
Decrease response of Th1
and Th17 cells.
Downregulate the
expression of iNOS and
COX-2. Reduced
expression of ICAM and
VCAM leading to
lessened neutrophile
Chemotaxis
Chrysin
Picea crassifolia
Block release of PINFCs
by modulating
intracellular-calcium
decrease histamine release
from MCs
Nobiletin
Citrus nobilis Lour,
Citrus aurantium L
Block proinflammatory
mediators, iNOS and
COX-2 expression by
blocking MAPK and
NF-jB signaling pathway
Baicalein
Scutellaria altissima
L.Georgi
Block mRNA appearance
of TNF-a, COX-2, and
iNOS
Block release of NO and
INFCs by regulating
NF-jB and ER-dependent
pathway
Oroxylin A
Scutellariae
baicalensis
Block NO production and
COX-2 and iNOS
proteins expression via
inhibiting the nuclear
factor-jB pathway
Wogonin
Scutellaria
baicalensis Georgi
Block adhesion and
migration of leukocytes
by Blocking CAMs
expression. Decrease
allergic airway
inflammation
(continued)
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