cecal medium and in the dissolution medium without cecal content, respectively.
Dodi et al. (2016) formulated rhodamine-B loaded carboxymethyl guar gum
nanoparticles via ionic gelation for colon delivery. These rhodamine-B loaded
nanoparticles (208 nm of average diameter) demonstrated a pH-responsive
rhodamine-B releasing in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The MTT assay
results demonstrated nontoxicity of the carboxymethyl guar gum nanoparticles
prepared by crosslinking using trisodium trimetaphosphate (up to *0.3 mg/ml). In
a study, El-Gibaly, (2002) prepared orally administrable zinc pectinate microparticles for colonic delivery of ketoprofen. These ketoprofen-loaded zinc pectinate
microparticles were mixed with mixtures of pectin-dextran to prepare matrix
tablets, which were assessed for colonic delivery. These pectinate-tablets exhibited
the sigmoidal pattern releasing of ketoprofen with a sustained manner. Odeku and
Fell (2005) studied the successful uses of Albizia gum and khaya gum as compression coating material for colon drug targeting. Mishra and Khandare, (2011)
prepared tamarind seed polysaccharide-based matrix tablets of ibuprofen via the
wet granulation. The in vitro ibuprofen release from these matrix tablets demonstrated that the utmost quantity of ibuprofen was found to be released in simulated
colonic fluid pH (6.8) containing rat caecal contents (2 and 4% w/v). On the other
hand, less amounts of ibuprofen were found to be released in both simulated gastric
fluid (pH 1.2) and simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4) before as well as after enzyme
induction. Newton et al. (2015) evaluated the chronotherapeutic propranolol HCl
delivery matrix tablets for colon targeting therapeutics. These matrix tablets were
prepared using tamarind gum and okra gum along with chitosan. The in vitro
propranolol HCl release from these matrix tablets demonstrated that the formulations prepared using tamarind gum showed the sustained the propranolol HCl
releasing for extended period in comparison with matrix tablets prepared using
other polymer based formulations.
3.3.14 Dental Formulations
Plant-derived polysaccharides are also used in several dental formulations for
loacalized drug releasing. In a research, Hasnain et al. (2018b) used cashew
(Anacardium occidentale) gum for the preparation of dental pastes containing
aceclofenac for the use in periodontitis treatment. These dental pastes of aceclofenac exhibited sustained in vitro aceclofenac releasing over 6 h and excellent
bioadhesion onto the oral mucosal membrane. Recently, the same research group
investigated the use of dillenia fruit gum to prepare dental pastes containing aceclofenac (Hasnain et al. 2020b). The in vitro aceclofenac releasing from these pastes
was found decreased as viscosity increment of these dental pastes due to incorporation more amount of dillenia fruit gum within paste formulations. These dental
pastes also exhibited excellent bioadhesion onto the oral mucosal membrane.
3 Plant Polysaccharides in Pharmaceutical Applications
117
Dodi et al. (2016) formulated rhodamine-B loaded carboxymethyl guar gum
nanoparticles via ionic gelation for colon delivery. These rhodamine-B loaded
nanoparticles (208 nm of average diameter) demonstrated a pH-responsive
rhodamine-B releasing in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The MTT assay
results demonstrated nontoxicity of the carboxymethyl guar gum nanoparticles
prepared by crosslinking using trisodium trimetaphosphate (up to *0.3 mg/ml). In
a study, El-Gibaly, (2002) prepared orally administrable zinc pectinate microparticles for colonic delivery of ketoprofen. These ketoprofen-loaded zinc pectinate
microparticles were mixed with mixtures of pectin-dextran to prepare matrix
tablets, which were assessed for colonic delivery. These pectinate-tablets exhibited
the sigmoidal pattern releasing of ketoprofen with a sustained manner. Odeku and
Fell (2005) studied the successful uses of Albizia gum and khaya gum as compression coating material for colon drug targeting. Mishra and Khandare, (2011)
prepared tamarind seed polysaccharide-based matrix tablets of ibuprofen via the
wet granulation. The in vitro ibuprofen release from these matrix tablets demonstrated that the utmost quantity of ibuprofen was found to be released in simulated
colonic fluid pH (6.8) containing rat caecal contents (2 and 4% w/v). On the other
hand, less amounts of ibuprofen were found to be released in both simulated gastric
fluid (pH 1.2) and simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4) before as well as after enzyme
induction. Newton et al. (2015) evaluated the chronotherapeutic propranolol HCl
delivery matrix tablets for colon targeting therapeutics. These matrix tablets were
prepared using tamarind gum and okra gum along with chitosan. The in vitro
propranolol HCl release from these matrix tablets demonstrated that the formulations prepared using tamarind gum showed the sustained the propranolol HCl
releasing for extended period in comparison with matrix tablets prepared using
other polymer based formulations.
3.3.14 Dental Formulations
Plant-derived polysaccharides are also used in several dental formulations for
loacalized drug releasing. In a research, Hasnain et al. (2018b) used cashew
(Anacardium occidentale) gum for the preparation of dental pastes containing
aceclofenac for the use in periodontitis treatment. These dental pastes of aceclofenac exhibited sustained in vitro aceclofenac releasing over 6 h and excellent
bioadhesion onto the oral mucosal membrane. Recently, the same research group
investigated the use of dillenia fruit gum to prepare dental pastes containing aceclofenac (Hasnain et al. 2020b). The in vitro aceclofenac releasing from these pastes
was found decreased as viscosity increment of these dental pastes due to incorporation more amount of dillenia fruit gum within paste formulations. These dental
pastes also exhibited excellent bioadhesion onto the oral mucosal membrane.
3 Plant Polysaccharides in Pharmaceutical Applications
117