The NDC also proposed utilizing resource recovery and reuse through
implementing country-wide organic waste composting for all food production, in
order to restore and soil fertility.
88 Additionally, the NDC proposed enrichment of
compost with inorganic fertilizers, in order to minimize the intensive use of inorganic fertilizers as they have adverse environmental impacts.
89 According the NDC,
the effectiveness of composted organic waste can be further improved by enriching
and blending it with nutrients (such as Nitrogen phosphorus), which ensures a more
efficient use of inorganic fertilizers, and adds valuable organic matter to soils, which
also maximizes terrestrial carbon in farm soils.
90 The mitigation co-benefit for this
action is reduction of GHG emissions from fertilizer manufacturing processes.
91
Rwanda also identified mainstreaming sustainable past management techniques
as a soil-relevant action by implementing the push-pull system of using napier grass
and desmodium legume to manage pests under maize, sorghum, millets and rain- fed
rice plantations.
92 The main adaptation benefits of the push-pull system are the
increase of yields, soil fertility improvement through nitrogen fixation and provision
of a continuous supply of fodder.
93
The NDC identified reduced GHG emissions from enteric fermentation as a
mitigation co-benefit of this action. The Rwanda NDC also identified soil conservation and land husbandry is a key adaptation action.
94 It reported that 90% of Rwanda’s
crop land is on slopes ranging from 5 to 50% which makes it vulnerable to climate
change impacts like soil erosion leading to permanent fertility loss.
95 As a result, the
NDC indicated that Rwanda would expand its soil conservation and land husbandry
programmes through installation of land protection structures like radical and progressive terraces, and intensive agro-forestry targeting all arable land by 2030.
96
5.7 Prioritization and Integration of Soil Governance
by Ethiopia in Its NDC
In its NDC,
97 Ethiopia identifies actions concerning soil management for adaptation,
as long- and medium-term actions to address drought. This includes taking action to
enhance ecosystem health through ecological farming, sustainable land management
88 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 4.
89 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 4.
90 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 4.
91 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 4.
92 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 5.
93 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 5.
94 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 5.
95 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 5.
96 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, pp. 5–6.
97 Ethiopia, NDC, 2015.
28
R. Kibugi
implementing country-wide organic waste composting for all food production, in
order to restore and soil fertility.
88 Additionally, the NDC proposed enrichment of
compost with inorganic fertilizers, in order to minimize the intensive use of inorganic fertilizers as they have adverse environmental impacts.
89 According the NDC,
the effectiveness of composted organic waste can be further improved by enriching
and blending it with nutrients (such as Nitrogen phosphorus), which ensures a more
efficient use of inorganic fertilizers, and adds valuable organic matter to soils, which
also maximizes terrestrial carbon in farm soils.
90 The mitigation co-benefit for this
action is reduction of GHG emissions from fertilizer manufacturing processes.
91
Rwanda also identified mainstreaming sustainable past management techniques
as a soil-relevant action by implementing the push-pull system of using napier grass
and desmodium legume to manage pests under maize, sorghum, millets and rain- fed
rice plantations.
92 The main adaptation benefits of the push-pull system are the
increase of yields, soil fertility improvement through nitrogen fixation and provision
of a continuous supply of fodder.
93
The NDC identified reduced GHG emissions from enteric fermentation as a
mitigation co-benefit of this action. The Rwanda NDC also identified soil conservation and land husbandry is a key adaptation action.
94 It reported that 90% of Rwanda’s
crop land is on slopes ranging from 5 to 50% which makes it vulnerable to climate
change impacts like soil erosion leading to permanent fertility loss.
95 As a result, the
NDC indicated that Rwanda would expand its soil conservation and land husbandry
programmes through installation of land protection structures like radical and progressive terraces, and intensive agro-forestry targeting all arable land by 2030.
96
5.7 Prioritization and Integration of Soil Governance
by Ethiopia in Its NDC
In its NDC,
97 Ethiopia identifies actions concerning soil management for adaptation,
as long- and medium-term actions to address drought. This includes taking action to
enhance ecosystem health through ecological farming, sustainable land management
88 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 4.
89 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 4.
90 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 4.
91 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 4.
92 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 5.
93 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 5.
94 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 5.
95 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, p. 5.
96 Rwanda, NDC, 2015, pp. 5–6.
97 Ethiopia, NDC, 2015.
28
R. Kibugi