482 References
Pacheco, J., L. R. Sykes, and C. H. Scholz (1993) Nature of seismic coupling
along simple plate boundaries of the subduction type, J. Geophys. Res., 98,
14,133–59.
Pakiser, L. C., and W. D. Mooney (eds.) (1989) Geophysical Framework of
the Continental United States, Geol. Soc. Amer. Mem. 172, Boulder, Co.
Parker, R. L. (1977) Understanding inverse theory, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet.
Sci., 5, 35–64.
Parsons, B., and F. M. Richter (1980) A relation between the driving force
and geoid anomaly associated with mid-ocean ridges, Earth Planet. Sci.
Lett., 51, 445–50.
Parsons, B., and J. G. Sclater (1977) An analysis of the variation of ocean
floor bathymetry and heat flow with age, J. Geophys. Res., 82, 803–27.
Pearce, R. G. (1977) Fault plane solutions using the relative amplitudes of
P and pP, Geophys. J., 50, 381–94.
Pearce, R. G. (1980) Fault plane solutions using the relative amplitudes of P
and surface reflections: further studies, Geophys. J., 60, 459–87.
Peltier, W. R. (ed.) (1989) Mantle Convection, Gordon and Breach, New
York.
Pho, H.-T., and L. Behe (1972) Extended distances and angles of incidence
of P waves, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 62, 885–902.
Poirier, J.-P. (2000) Introduction to the Physics of the Earth’s Interior, 2nd
edn, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Press, F., and R. Siever (1982) Earth, 3rd edn, W. H. Freeman, San Francisco.
Rabiner, L. R., and C. M. Rader (1972) Digital Signal Processing, IEEE Press,
New York.
Ragan, D. M. (1968) Structural Geology, Wiley, New York.
Ranalli, G. (1987) Rheology of the Earth, Allen and Unwin, Boston.
Rebollar, C. J., L. Quintanar, J. Yamamoto, and A. Uribe (1999) Source
process of the Chiapas, Mexico, intermediate-depth earthquake, Bull.
Seism. Soc. Am., 89, 348–58.
Reiter, L. (1990) Earthquake Hazard Analysis, Columbia University Press,
New York.
Reynolds, J. M. (1997) An Introduction to Applied and Environmental
Geophysics, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
Rial, J. A., and V. F. Cormier (1980) Seismic waves at the epicenter’s
antipode, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 2661–8.
Richards, P. G., and J. Zavales (1990) Seismic discrimination of nuclear
explosions, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 18, 257–86.
Richardson, W. P., S. Stein, C. Stein, and M. T. Zuber (1995) Geoid data and
the thermal structure of the oceanic lithosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22,
1913–16.
Richter, C. F. (1958) Elementary Seismology, W. H. Freeman, San Francisco.
Ringwood, A. E. (1975) Composition and Petrology of the Earth’s Mantle,
McGraw-Hill, New York.
Ringwood, A. E. (1979) Composition and origin of the Earth, in
M. W. McElhinny (ed.), The Earth, Its Origin, Structure and Evolution,
Academic Press Inc., New York, pp. 1–58.
Robbins, J. W., D. E. Smith, and C. Ma (1993) Horizontal crustal deformation and large scale plate motions inferred from space geodetic techniques,
in D. E. Smith and D. L. Turcotte (eds), Contributions of Space Geodesy
to Geodynamics: crustal dynamics, Geodynamics Series 23, Am. Geophys.
Un., Washington, DC, pp. 21–36.
Robinson, E. A. (1983) Migration of Geophysical Data, International
Human Resources Development Corp., Boston.
Robinson, E. A., and S. Treitel (1980) Geophysical Signal Analysis, PrenticeHall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Roeloffs, E. A., and J. Langbein (1994) The earthquake prediction experiment at Parkfield, California, Rev. Geophys., 32, 315–36.
Romanowicz, B. (1991) Seismic tomography of the earth’s mantle, Ann. Rev.
Earth Planet. Sci., 19, 77–99.
Romanowicz, B. (1992) Strike-slip earthquakes on quasi-vertical transcurrent faults: Inferences for general scaling relations, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
19, 481–4.
Romanowicz, B. (1995) A global tomographic model of shear attenuation in
the upper mantle, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 12,375–94.
Romanowicz, B. (1998) Attenuation tomography of the Earth’s mantle:
A review of current status, Pure App. Geophys., 153, 257–72.
Romanowicz, B., and P. Guillemant (1984) An experiment in the retrieval
of depth and source mechanism of large earthquakes using very long
period Rayleigh-wave data, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 74, 417–37.
Rosendahl, B. R. (1987) Architecture of continental rifts with special
reference to East Africa, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 15, 445–503.
Roth, E. G., D. A. Wiens, L. M. Dorman, J. Hildebrand, and S. C. Webb
(1999) Seismic attenuation tomography of the Tonga-Fiji region using
phase pair methods, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 4795–809.
Ruff, L., and H. Kanamori (1980) Seismicity and the subduction process,
Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 23, 240–52.
Sadigh, K., C.-Y. Chang, J. A. Egan, F. Makdisi, and R. R. Youngs (1997)
Attenuation relationships for shallow crustal earthquakes based on
California strong motion data, Seism. Res. Lett., 68, 180–9.
Sangree, J. B., and J. M. Widmier (1979) Interpretation of depositional facies
from seismic data, Geophysics, 44, 131–60.
Sarewitz, D., and R. Pielke, Jr. (2000) Breaking the global-warming gridlock,
Atlantic Monthly, July, 56–64.
Sarewitz, D., R. Pielke, Jr., and R. Byerly, Jr. (2000) Prediction: science,
decision making, and the future of nature, Island Press, Washington,
DC.
Sato, H., and M. C. Fehler (1998) Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering
in the Heterogeneous Earth, Springer-Verlag, New York.
Savage, J. C. (1983) A dislocation model of strain accumulation and release
at a subduction zone, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 4984–96.
Savage, J. C. (1991) Criticism of some forecasts of the national earthquake
prediction council, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 81, 862–81.
Savage, J. C. (1993) The Parkfield prediction fallacy, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am.,
83, 1–6.
Scherbaum, F. (1996) Of Poles and Zeros, Kluwer, Dordrecht.
Schneider, W. A. (1971) Developments in seismic data processing and analysis (1968–1970), Geophysics, 36, 1043–73.
Scholz, C. H. (1990) The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Segall, P., and J. Davis (1997) GPS applications for geodynamics and earthquake studies, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 25, 301–36.
Shearer, P. M. (1994) Imaging Earth’s seismic response at long periods, Eos
Trans. Am. Geophys. Un., 75, 449, 451, 452.
Shearer, P. M. (1996) Transition zone velocity gradients and the 520-km
discontinuity, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 3053–66.
Shearer, P. M. (1999) Introduction to Seismology, Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge.
Shedlock, K., D. Giardini, G. Grunthal, and P. Zhang (2000) The GSHAP
global seismic hazard map, Seism. Res. Lett., 71, 679–86.
Sheriff, R. E., and L. P. Geldart (1982) Exploration Seismology, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge.
Shimazaki, K., and T. Nakata (1980) Time-predictable recurrence model for
large earthquakes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 7, 279–82.
Sieh, K., and S. LeVay (1998) The Earth in Turmoil: earthquakes, volcanos,
and their impact on humankind, W. H. Freeman, New York.
Sieh, K., M. Stuiver, and D. Brillinger (1989) A more precise chronology
of earthquakes produced by the San Andreas fault in southern California,
J. Geophys. Res., 94, 603–24.
Silver, P. G. (1996) Seismic anisotropy beneath the continents: Probing the
depths of geology, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 24, 385–432.
Silver, P. G., R. W. Carlson, and P. Olson (1988) Deep slabs, geochemical
heterogeneity, and the large-scale structure of mantle convection, Ann.
Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 16, 477–541.
Simon, R. B. (1981) Earthquake Interpretations, William Kaufmann, Inc.,
Los Altos, CA.
Pacheco, J., L. R. Sykes, and C. H. Scholz (1993) Nature of seismic coupling
along simple plate boundaries of the subduction type, J. Geophys. Res., 98,
14,133–59.
Pakiser, L. C., and W. D. Mooney (eds.) (1989) Geophysical Framework of
the Continental United States, Geol. Soc. Amer. Mem. 172, Boulder, Co.
Parker, R. L. (1977) Understanding inverse theory, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet.
Sci., 5, 35–64.
Parsons, B., and F. M. Richter (1980) A relation between the driving force
and geoid anomaly associated with mid-ocean ridges, Earth Planet. Sci.
Lett., 51, 445–50.
Parsons, B., and J. G. Sclater (1977) An analysis of the variation of ocean
floor bathymetry and heat flow with age, J. Geophys. Res., 82, 803–27.
Pearce, R. G. (1977) Fault plane solutions using the relative amplitudes of
P and pP, Geophys. J., 50, 381–94.
Pearce, R. G. (1980) Fault plane solutions using the relative amplitudes of P
and surface reflections: further studies, Geophys. J., 60, 459–87.
Peltier, W. R. (ed.) (1989) Mantle Convection, Gordon and Breach, New
York.
Pho, H.-T., and L. Behe (1972) Extended distances and angles of incidence
of P waves, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 62, 885–902.
Poirier, J.-P. (2000) Introduction to the Physics of the Earth’s Interior, 2nd
edn, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Press, F., and R. Siever (1982) Earth, 3rd edn, W. H. Freeman, San Francisco.
Rabiner, L. R., and C. M. Rader (1972) Digital Signal Processing, IEEE Press,
New York.
Ragan, D. M. (1968) Structural Geology, Wiley, New York.
Ranalli, G. (1987) Rheology of the Earth, Allen and Unwin, Boston.
Rebollar, C. J., L. Quintanar, J. Yamamoto, and A. Uribe (1999) Source
process of the Chiapas, Mexico, intermediate-depth earthquake, Bull.
Seism. Soc. Am., 89, 348–58.
Reiter, L. (1990) Earthquake Hazard Analysis, Columbia University Press,
New York.
Reynolds, J. M. (1997) An Introduction to Applied and Environmental
Geophysics, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
Rial, J. A., and V. F. Cormier (1980) Seismic waves at the epicenter’s
antipode, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 2661–8.
Richards, P. G., and J. Zavales (1990) Seismic discrimination of nuclear
explosions, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 18, 257–86.
Richardson, W. P., S. Stein, C. Stein, and M. T. Zuber (1995) Geoid data and
the thermal structure of the oceanic lithosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22,
1913–16.
Richter, C. F. (1958) Elementary Seismology, W. H. Freeman, San Francisco.
Ringwood, A. E. (1975) Composition and Petrology of the Earth’s Mantle,
McGraw-Hill, New York.
Ringwood, A. E. (1979) Composition and origin of the Earth, in
M. W. McElhinny (ed.), The Earth, Its Origin, Structure and Evolution,
Academic Press Inc., New York, pp. 1–58.
Robbins, J. W., D. E. Smith, and C. Ma (1993) Horizontal crustal deformation and large scale plate motions inferred from space geodetic techniques,
in D. E. Smith and D. L. Turcotte (eds), Contributions of Space Geodesy
to Geodynamics: crustal dynamics, Geodynamics Series 23, Am. Geophys.
Un., Washington, DC, pp. 21–36.
Robinson, E. A. (1983) Migration of Geophysical Data, International
Human Resources Development Corp., Boston.
Robinson, E. A., and S. Treitel (1980) Geophysical Signal Analysis, PrenticeHall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Roeloffs, E. A., and J. Langbein (1994) The earthquake prediction experiment at Parkfield, California, Rev. Geophys., 32, 315–36.
Romanowicz, B. (1991) Seismic tomography of the earth’s mantle, Ann. Rev.
Earth Planet. Sci., 19, 77–99.
Romanowicz, B. (1992) Strike-slip earthquakes on quasi-vertical transcurrent faults: Inferences for general scaling relations, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
19, 481–4.
Romanowicz, B. (1995) A global tomographic model of shear attenuation in
the upper mantle, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 12,375–94.
Romanowicz, B. (1998) Attenuation tomography of the Earth’s mantle:
A review of current status, Pure App. Geophys., 153, 257–72.
Romanowicz, B., and P. Guillemant (1984) An experiment in the retrieval
of depth and source mechanism of large earthquakes using very long
period Rayleigh-wave data, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 74, 417–37.
Rosendahl, B. R. (1987) Architecture of continental rifts with special
reference to East Africa, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 15, 445–503.
Roth, E. G., D. A. Wiens, L. M. Dorman, J. Hildebrand, and S. C. Webb
(1999) Seismic attenuation tomography of the Tonga-Fiji region using
phase pair methods, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 4795–809.
Ruff, L., and H. Kanamori (1980) Seismicity and the subduction process,
Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 23, 240–52.
Sadigh, K., C.-Y. Chang, J. A. Egan, F. Makdisi, and R. R. Youngs (1997)
Attenuation relationships for shallow crustal earthquakes based on
California strong motion data, Seism. Res. Lett., 68, 180–9.
Sangree, J. B., and J. M. Widmier (1979) Interpretation of depositional facies
from seismic data, Geophysics, 44, 131–60.
Sarewitz, D., and R. Pielke, Jr. (2000) Breaking the global-warming gridlock,
Atlantic Monthly, July, 56–64.
Sarewitz, D., R. Pielke, Jr., and R. Byerly, Jr. (2000) Prediction: science,
decision making, and the future of nature, Island Press, Washington,
DC.
Sato, H., and M. C. Fehler (1998) Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering
in the Heterogeneous Earth, Springer-Verlag, New York.
Savage, J. C. (1983) A dislocation model of strain accumulation and release
at a subduction zone, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 4984–96.
Savage, J. C. (1991) Criticism of some forecasts of the national earthquake
prediction council, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 81, 862–81.
Savage, J. C. (1993) The Parkfield prediction fallacy, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am.,
83, 1–6.
Scherbaum, F. (1996) Of Poles and Zeros, Kluwer, Dordrecht.
Schneider, W. A. (1971) Developments in seismic data processing and analysis (1968–1970), Geophysics, 36, 1043–73.
Scholz, C. H. (1990) The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Segall, P., and J. Davis (1997) GPS applications for geodynamics and earthquake studies, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 25, 301–36.
Shearer, P. M. (1994) Imaging Earth’s seismic response at long periods, Eos
Trans. Am. Geophys. Un., 75, 449, 451, 452.
Shearer, P. M. (1996) Transition zone velocity gradients and the 520-km
discontinuity, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 3053–66.
Shearer, P. M. (1999) Introduction to Seismology, Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge.
Shedlock, K., D. Giardini, G. Grunthal, and P. Zhang (2000) The GSHAP
global seismic hazard map, Seism. Res. Lett., 71, 679–86.
Sheriff, R. E., and L. P. Geldart (1982) Exploration Seismology, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge.
Shimazaki, K., and T. Nakata (1980) Time-predictable recurrence model for
large earthquakes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 7, 279–82.
Sieh, K., and S. LeVay (1998) The Earth in Turmoil: earthquakes, volcanos,
and their impact on humankind, W. H. Freeman, New York.
Sieh, K., M. Stuiver, and D. Brillinger (1989) A more precise chronology
of earthquakes produced by the San Andreas fault in southern California,
J. Geophys. Res., 94, 603–24.
Silver, P. G. (1996) Seismic anisotropy beneath the continents: Probing the
depths of geology, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 24, 385–432.
Silver, P. G., R. W. Carlson, and P. Olson (1988) Deep slabs, geochemical
heterogeneity, and the large-scale structure of mantle convection, Ann.
Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 16, 477–541.
Simon, R. B. (1981) Earthquake Interpretations, William Kaufmann, Inc.,
Los Altos, CA.