ReCiPe 2008, a life cycle impact assessment
method which comprises harmonised category
indicators at the midpoint and the endpoint
level. Report 1 characterization. Minist Hous
Spec Plan Environ 133
42. Guine ´e G (2002) Handbook on life cycle
assessment, operational guide to the ISO standards. Springer, Dordrecht
43. Myhre G, Shindell D, Bre ´on F-M, Collins W,
Fuglestvedt J, Huang J, Koch D, Lamarque
J-F, Lee D, Mendoza B, Nakajima T,
Robock A, Stephens G, Zhang H, Takemura
T (2013) Anthropogenic and natural radiative
forcing. In: Stocker TF, Qin D, Plattner G-K,
Tignor M, Allen SK, Boschung J, Nauels A,
Xia Y, Bex V, Midgley PM (eds) Climate
change 2013: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the fifth
assessment report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
44. Goedkoop M, Spriensma R (2001) The
eco-indicator 99, a damage oriented method
for life cycle impact assessment. Methodol Rep.
Plotterweg 12, 3821BB Amersfoort, Netherlands, pp 144. https://www.pre-sustainability.
com/download/EI99_methodology_v3.pdf
45. Seghetta M, Tørring D, Bruhn A, Thomsen M
(2016) Bioextraction potential of seaweed in
Denmark—an instrument for circular nutrient
management.
Sci
Total
Environ
563–564:513–529.
https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.010
46. Langlois J, Fre ´on P, Steyer J-P, Delgene `s J-P,
He ´lias A (2014) Sea-use impact category in life
cycle assessment: state of the art and perspectives.
Int J Life Cycle Assess 19:994–1006. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s11367-014-0700-y
47. Taelman SE, De Meester S, Schaubroeck T,
Sakshaug E, Alvarenga RAF, Dewulf J (2014)
Accounting for the occupation of the marine
environment as a natural resource in life cycle
assessment: an exergy based approach. Resour
Conserv Recycl 91:1–10. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.resconrec.2014.07.009
48. Abdou K, Aubin J, Romdhane MS, Le Loc’h F,
Lasram FBR (2017) Environmental assessment
of seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and seabream
(Sparus aurata) farming from a life cycle perspective: a case study of a Tunisian aquaculture
farm. Aquaculture 471:204–212. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.01.019
49. Knudsen MT, Hermansen JE, Cederberg C,
Herzog F, Vale J, Jeanneret P, Sarthou J-P,
Friedel JK, Bala ´zs K, Fjellstad W, Kainz M,
Wolfrum S, Dennis P (2017) Characterization
factors for land use impacts on biodiversity in
life cycle assessment based on direct measures
of plant species richness in European farmland
in the ‘Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest’
biome. Sci Total Environ 580:358–366.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.
11.172
50. Mila ` i Canals L, Bauer C, Depestele J,
Dubreuil A, Freiermuth Knuchel R,
Gaillard G, Michelsen O, Mu ¨ller-Wenk R,
Rydgren B (2007) Key elements in a framework for land use impact assessment within
LCA. Int J Life Cycle Assess 12:5–15.
https://doi.org/10.1065/lca2006.05.250
51. Mila ` i Canals L, Romanya ` J, Cowell SJ (2007)
Method for assessing impacts on life support
functions (LSF) related to the use of ‘fertile
land’ in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). J Clean
Prod 15:1426–1440. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.jclepro.2006.05.005
52. Seghetta M, Marchi M, Thomsen M, Bjerre
A-B, Bastianoni S (2016) Modelling biogenic
carbon flow in a macroalgal biorefinery system.
Algal Res 18:144–155. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.algal.2016.05.030
53. European Parliament (2009) Directive 2004/
39/Ec of the European Parliament and of the
Council of 21 April 2004. Off J Eur Union L
140/16:47
54. Frischknecht R, Jungbluth N, Althaus N,
Bauer C, Doka G, Dones G, Hischier R,
Hellweg S, Humbert S, K€ ollner T (2007)
Implementation of life cycle impact assessment
methods. Ecoinvent Rep 151
55. Mulder K, Hagens NJ (2008) Energy return
on investment: toward a consistent framework.
AMBIO J Hum Environ 37:74–79. https://
doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447(2008)37[74:
EROITA]2.0.CO;2
56. Chung I-K, Kang Y-H, Yarish C, George PK,
Lee J-A (2002) Application of seaweed cultivation to the bioremediation of nutrient-rich
effluent. ALGAE 17:187–194. https://doi.
org/10.4490/ALGAE.2002.17.3.187
57. Quilliam RS, van Niekerk MA, Chadwick DR,
Cross P, Hanley N, Jones DL, Vinten AJA,
Willby N, Oliver DM (2015) Can macrophyte
harvesting from eutrophic water close the loop
on nutrient loss from agricultural land? J Environ Manage 152:210–217. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.01.046
58. Sudharsan S, Seedevi P, Ramasamy P,
Subhapradha N, Vairamani S, Shanmugam A
(2012) Heavy metal accumulation in seaweeds
and sea grasses along southeast coast of India. J
Chem Pharm Res 4:4240–4244
118
Michele Seghetta and Pietro Goglio
method which comprises harmonised category
indicators at the midpoint and the endpoint
level. Report 1 characterization. Minist Hous
Spec Plan Environ 133
42. Guine ´e G (2002) Handbook on life cycle
assessment, operational guide to the ISO standards. Springer, Dordrecht
43. Myhre G, Shindell D, Bre ´on F-M, Collins W,
Fuglestvedt J, Huang J, Koch D, Lamarque
J-F, Lee D, Mendoza B, Nakajima T,
Robock A, Stephens G, Zhang H, Takemura
T (2013) Anthropogenic and natural radiative
forcing. In: Stocker TF, Qin D, Plattner G-K,
Tignor M, Allen SK, Boschung J, Nauels A,
Xia Y, Bex V, Midgley PM (eds) Climate
change 2013: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the fifth
assessment report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
44. Goedkoop M, Spriensma R (2001) The
eco-indicator 99, a damage oriented method
for life cycle impact assessment. Methodol Rep.
Plotterweg 12, 3821BB Amersfoort, Netherlands, pp 144. https://www.pre-sustainability.
com/download/EI99_methodology_v3.pdf
45. Seghetta M, Tørring D, Bruhn A, Thomsen M
(2016) Bioextraction potential of seaweed in
Denmark—an instrument for circular nutrient
management.
Sci
Total
Environ
563–564:513–529.
https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.010
46. Langlois J, Fre ´on P, Steyer J-P, Delgene `s J-P,
He ´lias A (2014) Sea-use impact category in life
cycle assessment: state of the art and perspectives.
Int J Life Cycle Assess 19:994–1006. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s11367-014-0700-y
47. Taelman SE, De Meester S, Schaubroeck T,
Sakshaug E, Alvarenga RAF, Dewulf J (2014)
Accounting for the occupation of the marine
environment as a natural resource in life cycle
assessment: an exergy based approach. Resour
Conserv Recycl 91:1–10. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.resconrec.2014.07.009
48. Abdou K, Aubin J, Romdhane MS, Le Loc’h F,
Lasram FBR (2017) Environmental assessment
of seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and seabream
(Sparus aurata) farming from a life cycle perspective: a case study of a Tunisian aquaculture
farm. Aquaculture 471:204–212. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.01.019
49. Knudsen MT, Hermansen JE, Cederberg C,
Herzog F, Vale J, Jeanneret P, Sarthou J-P,
Friedel JK, Bala ´zs K, Fjellstad W, Kainz M,
Wolfrum S, Dennis P (2017) Characterization
factors for land use impacts on biodiversity in
life cycle assessment based on direct measures
of plant species richness in European farmland
in the ‘Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest’
biome. Sci Total Environ 580:358–366.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.
11.172
50. Mila ` i Canals L, Bauer C, Depestele J,
Dubreuil A, Freiermuth Knuchel R,
Gaillard G, Michelsen O, Mu ¨ller-Wenk R,
Rydgren B (2007) Key elements in a framework for land use impact assessment within
LCA. Int J Life Cycle Assess 12:5–15.
https://doi.org/10.1065/lca2006.05.250
51. Mila ` i Canals L, Romanya ` J, Cowell SJ (2007)
Method for assessing impacts on life support
functions (LSF) related to the use of ‘fertile
land’ in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). J Clean
Prod 15:1426–1440. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.jclepro.2006.05.005
52. Seghetta M, Marchi M, Thomsen M, Bjerre
A-B, Bastianoni S (2016) Modelling biogenic
carbon flow in a macroalgal biorefinery system.
Algal Res 18:144–155. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.algal.2016.05.030
53. European Parliament (2009) Directive 2004/
39/Ec of the European Parliament and of the
Council of 21 April 2004. Off J Eur Union L
140/16:47
54. Frischknecht R, Jungbluth N, Althaus N,
Bauer C, Doka G, Dones G, Hischier R,
Hellweg S, Humbert S, K€ ollner T (2007)
Implementation of life cycle impact assessment
methods. Ecoinvent Rep 151
55. Mulder K, Hagens NJ (2008) Energy return
on investment: toward a consistent framework.
AMBIO J Hum Environ 37:74–79. https://
doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447(2008)37[74:
EROITA]2.0.CO;2
56. Chung I-K, Kang Y-H, Yarish C, George PK,
Lee J-A (2002) Application of seaweed cultivation to the bioremediation of nutrient-rich
effluent. ALGAE 17:187–194. https://doi.
org/10.4490/ALGAE.2002.17.3.187
57. Quilliam RS, van Niekerk MA, Chadwick DR,
Cross P, Hanley N, Jones DL, Vinten AJA,
Willby N, Oliver DM (2015) Can macrophyte
harvesting from eutrophic water close the loop
on nutrient loss from agricultural land? J Environ Manage 152:210–217. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.01.046
58. Sudharsan S, Seedevi P, Ramasamy P,
Subhapradha N, Vairamani S, Shanmugam A
(2012) Heavy metal accumulation in seaweeds
and sea grasses along southeast coast of India. J
Chem Pharm Res 4:4240–4244
118
Michele Seghetta and Pietro Goglio