364
times, the flower extract of A. barbadensis and A. vera is highly significant as antioxidant agents which will eventually lead to enhanced antidiabetic effects (Debnath
et al. 2018, Haroon et al. 2018). However, it is necessary to carry out several studies
to prove the exact antidiabetic mechanism of phytochemicals that are present in the
flower extract of plants under genus Aloe.
18.5.9.4 Other Extracts
Other than the extraction of phytochemicals from the leaf, root and flower of Aloe
genus, the whole plant extracts are widely used for antidiabetic activity, as they
contain large quantities of significant phytochemicals that are responsible for antidiabetic effects. Aloe vera (Arunkumar and Muthuselvam 2009), A. barbadensis
(Boudreau et al. 2013b), A. arborescens (Jia et al. 2008), A. ferox (Wintola and
Afolayan 2011) and A. schweinfurthii (Salawu et al. 2017) are the plants that belong
to genus Aloe which are used to extract the phytochemicals from the whole plant.
These whole plant extracts with a wide variety of phytochemicals are highly useful
in exhibiting antidiabetic activity via synergistic effects (Cock 2015). However, it is
difficult to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of individual phytocompounds from the
whole plant extract which will be a major drawback in using these type of extracts.
18.5.9.5 Antidiabetic Nanoparticles from Genus Aloe
The phytochemicals extracted from the genus Aloe are recently employed in the
formation of nanoparticles as reducing and stabilizing agent. These green synthesized nanoparticles are revealed to possess potential in reducing blood glucose,
increase insulin secretion and exhibit antidiabetic effects. Zinc oxide nanoparticles
are synthesized via aqueous extracts of A. vera gel proves to contain antioxidant
property which eventually helps in reducing serum glucose. The phytochemicals
present in the extract namely saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, terpenoids, gums, mucilages and phenolic compounds help as reducing and
stabilizing agent for nanoparticle formation and also their antioxidant activity
(Mahendiran et al. 2017). Likewise, the phytochemicals present in the flower extract
of A. vera was also used to fabricate copper nanoparticles (Karimi and Mohsenzadeh
2015). These nanoparticles are proved to be highly significant as a potential nanomedicine to cure diabetes-related complications (Bhagwat et al. 2018). Similarly,
silver (Dinesh et al. 2015), gold (Altaf and Jaganyi 2016), iron oxide (Ali et al.
2018), copper oxide (Kumar et al. 2015), carbon-based nanoparticles (Devi et al.
2018) was also synthesized by using extracts obtained from genus Aloe. However,
extensive study has to be carried out in the future to evaluate the exact antidiabetic
mechanism of Aloe phytochemical coated nanoparticles in reducing the complications of diabetes.
C. Egbuna et al.
times, the flower extract of A. barbadensis and A. vera is highly significant as antioxidant agents which will eventually lead to enhanced antidiabetic effects (Debnath
et al. 2018, Haroon et al. 2018). However, it is necessary to carry out several studies
to prove the exact antidiabetic mechanism of phytochemicals that are present in the
flower extract of plants under genus Aloe.
18.5.9.4 Other Extracts
Other than the extraction of phytochemicals from the leaf, root and flower of Aloe
genus, the whole plant extracts are widely used for antidiabetic activity, as they
contain large quantities of significant phytochemicals that are responsible for antidiabetic effects. Aloe vera (Arunkumar and Muthuselvam 2009), A. barbadensis
(Boudreau et al. 2013b), A. arborescens (Jia et al. 2008), A. ferox (Wintola and
Afolayan 2011) and A. schweinfurthii (Salawu et al. 2017) are the plants that belong
to genus Aloe which are used to extract the phytochemicals from the whole plant.
These whole plant extracts with a wide variety of phytochemicals are highly useful
in exhibiting antidiabetic activity via synergistic effects (Cock 2015). However, it is
difficult to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of individual phytocompounds from the
whole plant extract which will be a major drawback in using these type of extracts.
18.5.9.5 Antidiabetic Nanoparticles from Genus Aloe
The phytochemicals extracted from the genus Aloe are recently employed in the
formation of nanoparticles as reducing and stabilizing agent. These green synthesized nanoparticles are revealed to possess potential in reducing blood glucose,
increase insulin secretion and exhibit antidiabetic effects. Zinc oxide nanoparticles
are synthesized via aqueous extracts of A. vera gel proves to contain antioxidant
property which eventually helps in reducing serum glucose. The phytochemicals
present in the extract namely saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, terpenoids, gums, mucilages and phenolic compounds help as reducing and
stabilizing agent for nanoparticle formation and also their antioxidant activity
(Mahendiran et al. 2017). Likewise, the phytochemicals present in the flower extract
of A. vera was also used to fabricate copper nanoparticles (Karimi and Mohsenzadeh
2015). These nanoparticles are proved to be highly significant as a potential nanomedicine to cure diabetes-related complications (Bhagwat et al. 2018). Similarly,
silver (Dinesh et al. 2015), gold (Altaf and Jaganyi 2016), iron oxide (Ali et al.
2018), copper oxide (Kumar et al. 2015), carbon-based nanoparticles (Devi et al.
2018) was also synthesized by using extracts obtained from genus Aloe. However,
extensive study has to be carried out in the future to evaluate the exact antidiabetic
mechanism of Aloe phytochemical coated nanoparticles in reducing the complications of diabetes.
C. Egbuna et al.