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Table 14.4 Bioactive compounds of Fruits and Vegetables
Functional
compounds
Mechanism of action
Fruit source
Vegetable source
Flavonoids
Flavanones
Hesperidin
Hesperetin
Anticancerous, prevents viral
replication eg: Polio, herpes and flu,
regenerates vitamin C, protects from
lymphedema, hemorrhoids, varicose
veins.
Oranges (Gattuso et al.
2007)
Lettuce OnionTomato (SanchezMoreno et al. 2000); parsley,
celery (Tomas-Barberan and
Clifford 2000; Mouly et al. 1994)
Naringenin
Anti-inflammatory, antiallergic,
hypolipidemic, vasoprotective and
anticarcinogenic, against bronchial
asthma
Citrus fruits (Gorinstein
et al. 2001; Wang et al.
2008; Harborne and
Williams 2000
Eriocitrin
Lipid lowering, capillary
permeability, antioxidant
Neoeriocitrin
Protect cartilage tissue
Naringin
For the treatment of obesity,
diabetes, hypertension, and
metabolic syndrome
Oranges (Chadha 2001)
Narirutin
May be effective in the treatment of
bronchial asthma
(continued)
14 Fruits and Vegetables and its Nutritional Benefits