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10.7.5 Cancer
Cancer is an emerging disease. An American Institute for Cancer Research examined
the link across nutrition and cancer incidence in the large study on the global scale
and found that approximately 30% of the cancer cases worldwide could be prevented
by changing the dietary habits. Probiotics as functional foods are not the magic bullets. They do not target directly the cancer cell but target the different areas and altering the characteristics of the tissues and cells which results in reduction of infection
and inflammation commonly associated with certain kinds of cancer.
The probiotic Lactobacillus bulgaricus induces antitumor activity by: (1) altering the immune functions associated with immune response; (2) antiproliferative
effects via regulation of apoptosis and cell differentiation; and (3) suppressing the
Beta-glucuronidase, urease, choloylglycine hydrolase, azedoreductase and nitroreductase enzyme production by unwanted bacteria like entero-pathogens such as
Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli. Beta-glucosidase and urease help
pro-carcinogens to be converted into potential carcinogens. Bifidobacteria probiotics reduces colon cancer influenced by 1,2- dimethylhydrazine when used with FOS
inhibited liver and mammary tumors. GOS consumption in humans resulted in
reduced activity of nitroreductase which is involved in producing genotoxic metabolites, indicating the potential of prebiotics and probiotics to reduce or prevent carcinogenesis. Dietary administration of Bacillus longum, Oligofructose and Inulin
stops preneoplastic lesion formation and suppress mammary and colon cancer.
10.7.6 Helicobacter pylori Infections
Helicobacter pylori, a small curved to spiral rod-shaped bacterium, is mostly associated with duodenal peptic ulceration and it is the main biological pathogen of
chronic gastritis and gastric cancer and other gastric malignancies. Proton pump
inhibitors like Omeprazole and Prantoprazole used with antibiotics are most useful
therapies to eradicate this bacterium. Probiotics have an antimicrobial effect and
competes between Helicobacter pylori, inhibition of adherence and production of
metabolites. Presently, probiotic supplementation with Saccharomyces boulardii
resulted in increasing the eradication rate and reducing the infection by
Helicobacter pylori.
10.7.7 Allergy and Immune Response
Probiotics modulate the innate immunity and pathogen induced inflammation
through toll like receptor signaling pathways. Infants born through different routes
(Cesarean and spontaneous vaginal delivery) show major differences in cultural
microbiota up to 6 months of age. Infants harboring Bacteroides fragilis and
S. Palai et al.
10.7.5 Cancer
Cancer is an emerging disease. An American Institute for Cancer Research examined
the link across nutrition and cancer incidence in the large study on the global scale
and found that approximately 30% of the cancer cases worldwide could be prevented
by changing the dietary habits. Probiotics as functional foods are not the magic bullets. They do not target directly the cancer cell but target the different areas and altering the characteristics of the tissues and cells which results in reduction of infection
and inflammation commonly associated with certain kinds of cancer.
The probiotic Lactobacillus bulgaricus induces antitumor activity by: (1) altering the immune functions associated with immune response; (2) antiproliferative
effects via regulation of apoptosis and cell differentiation; and (3) suppressing the
Beta-glucuronidase, urease, choloylglycine hydrolase, azedoreductase and nitroreductase enzyme production by unwanted bacteria like entero-pathogens such as
Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli. Beta-glucosidase and urease help
pro-carcinogens to be converted into potential carcinogens. Bifidobacteria probiotics reduces colon cancer influenced by 1,2- dimethylhydrazine when used with FOS
inhibited liver and mammary tumors. GOS consumption in humans resulted in
reduced activity of nitroreductase which is involved in producing genotoxic metabolites, indicating the potential of prebiotics and probiotics to reduce or prevent carcinogenesis. Dietary administration of Bacillus longum, Oligofructose and Inulin
stops preneoplastic lesion formation and suppress mammary and colon cancer.
10.7.6 Helicobacter pylori Infections
Helicobacter pylori, a small curved to spiral rod-shaped bacterium, is mostly associated with duodenal peptic ulceration and it is the main biological pathogen of
chronic gastritis and gastric cancer and other gastric malignancies. Proton pump
inhibitors like Omeprazole and Prantoprazole used with antibiotics are most useful
therapies to eradicate this bacterium. Probiotics have an antimicrobial effect and
competes between Helicobacter pylori, inhibition of adherence and production of
metabolites. Presently, probiotic supplementation with Saccharomyces boulardii
resulted in increasing the eradication rate and reducing the infection by
Helicobacter pylori.
10.7.7 Allergy and Immune Response
Probiotics modulate the innate immunity and pathogen induced inflammation
through toll like receptor signaling pathways. Infants born through different routes
(Cesarean and spontaneous vaginal delivery) show major differences in cultural
microbiota up to 6 months of age. Infants harboring Bacteroides fragilis and
S. Palai et al.