implementation stage. However, through various literature surveys it has been found
that it is important to understand the scenario setup before assessment of the
geothermal system and implementation of any ideas. The modified version of the
GeoAdam method for geothermal climate change mitigation in this chapter describes
the three steps: scenario setup, assessment stage, and implementation stage. The last
segment of the chapter describes the life cycle assessment of geothermal systems for
GHG mitigation.
References
Ahmed I, Rashid A (2010) Study of geothermal energy resources of Pakistan for electric power
generation. Energy Sour Part A 32(9):26–38
Bakht MS (2000) An overview of geothermal resources in Pakistan. In: Proceedings of the world
geothermal congress, Kyushu-Tohoku, Japan
Bakr MA (1965) Thermal springs of Pakistan. Geological Survey of Pakistan Rec 16:3–4
Basaran A, Ozgener L (2013) Investigation of the effect of different refrigerants on performances of
binary geothermal power plants. Energy Convers Manag 76:483–498
Bernstein L, Pachauri RK, Reisinger A, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2008)
Climate change 2007: synthesis report. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva
Bertani R (2016) Geothermal power generation in the world 2010–2014 update report. Geothermics
60:31–43
Bloomberg NEF (BNEF) and Business Council for Sustainable Energy (2018) Sustainable energy
in America Factbook. London/Washington, DC. http://www.bcse.org
Boyd TL, Sifford A, Lund WJ (2015) The United States of America country update 2015. In:
Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2015, Melbourne, Australia, April 19–24, 2015
Bravi M, Basosi R (2014) Environmental impact of electricity from selected geothermal power
plants in Italy. J Clean Prod 66:301–308
Bukhari SHS (2000) Country update paper on Pakistan. In: Proceedings of the World Geothermal
Congress, Bali, Indonesia
C2ES (2015) Outcomes of the U.N. climate change conference in Paris. Center for Climate and
Energy Solutions, Arlington, Virginia
Charlotte Becker (2019) First geothermal site approved by customer, Climeon, 13 March 2019.
https://climeon.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Climeon-Tech-Product-Sheet.pdf; Climeon,
LinkedIn.com, https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:6468442653817139200,
viewed March 2019
Eastland Group (2018) NZ’s newest geothermal power plant is full steam ahead, 28 September
2018. http://www.eastland.nz/2018/09/28/nzs-newest-geothermal-power-plant-is-full-steamahead/
EIA (2019) Net generating capacity from US Energy Information Administration (EIA). Electric
power monthly with data for December 2018. Washington, DC, February 2019, Table 6.2.B.
https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/archive/february2019.pdf; Nameplate capacity from
EIA, “Preliminary monthly electric generator inventory”, December 2018. https://www.eia.
gov/electricity/data/eia860M/
Energy Statistics in Iceland (2017) Capacity from Orkustofnun, Reykjavik, 2018. http://os.is/gogn/
os-onnur-rit/Orkutolur-2017-enska.pdf; Capacity of 753 MW based on capacity at end-2017 of
708 MW, with addition of 45 MW in 2018; generation share from OECD/IEA, op. cit. note 29
ESDM (2018a) From Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM), Pemerintah
Tetap Komit, Pemanfaatan EBT Capai 23% Pada Tahun 2025, press release, Jakarta: 9 January
2019. https://www.esdm.go.id/en/mediacenter/news-archives/pemerintah-tetap-komit268
K. Yadav et al.
that it is important to understand the scenario setup before assessment of the
geothermal system and implementation of any ideas. The modified version of the
GeoAdam method for geothermal climate change mitigation in this chapter describes
the three steps: scenario setup, assessment stage, and implementation stage. The last
segment of the chapter describes the life cycle assessment of geothermal systems for
GHG mitigation.
References
Ahmed I, Rashid A (2010) Study of geothermal energy resources of Pakistan for electric power
generation. Energy Sour Part A 32(9):26–38
Bakht MS (2000) An overview of geothermal resources in Pakistan. In: Proceedings of the world
geothermal congress, Kyushu-Tohoku, Japan
Bakr MA (1965) Thermal springs of Pakistan. Geological Survey of Pakistan Rec 16:3–4
Basaran A, Ozgener L (2013) Investigation of the effect of different refrigerants on performances of
binary geothermal power plants. Energy Convers Manag 76:483–498
Bernstein L, Pachauri RK, Reisinger A, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2008)
Climate change 2007: synthesis report. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva
Bertani R (2016) Geothermal power generation in the world 2010–2014 update report. Geothermics
60:31–43
Bloomberg NEF (BNEF) and Business Council for Sustainable Energy (2018) Sustainable energy
in America Factbook. London/Washington, DC. http://www.bcse.org
Boyd TL, Sifford A, Lund WJ (2015) The United States of America country update 2015. In:
Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2015, Melbourne, Australia, April 19–24, 2015
Bravi M, Basosi R (2014) Environmental impact of electricity from selected geothermal power
plants in Italy. J Clean Prod 66:301–308
Bukhari SHS (2000) Country update paper on Pakistan. In: Proceedings of the World Geothermal
Congress, Bali, Indonesia
C2ES (2015) Outcomes of the U.N. climate change conference in Paris. Center for Climate and
Energy Solutions, Arlington, Virginia
Charlotte Becker (2019) First geothermal site approved by customer, Climeon, 13 March 2019.
https://climeon.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Climeon-Tech-Product-Sheet.pdf; Climeon,
LinkedIn.com, https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:6468442653817139200,
viewed March 2019
Eastland Group (2018) NZ’s newest geothermal power plant is full steam ahead, 28 September
2018. http://www.eastland.nz/2018/09/28/nzs-newest-geothermal-power-plant-is-full-steamahead/
EIA (2019) Net generating capacity from US Energy Information Administration (EIA). Electric
power monthly with data for December 2018. Washington, DC, February 2019, Table 6.2.B.
https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/archive/february2019.pdf; Nameplate capacity from
EIA, “Preliminary monthly electric generator inventory”, December 2018. https://www.eia.
gov/electricity/data/eia860M/
Energy Statistics in Iceland (2017) Capacity from Orkustofnun, Reykjavik, 2018. http://os.is/gogn/
os-onnur-rit/Orkutolur-2017-enska.pdf; Capacity of 753 MW based on capacity at end-2017 of
708 MW, with addition of 45 MW in 2018; generation share from OECD/IEA, op. cit. note 29
ESDM (2018a) From Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM), Pemerintah
Tetap Komit, Pemanfaatan EBT Capai 23% Pada Tahun 2025, press release, Jakarta: 9 January
2019. https://www.esdm.go.id/en/mediacenter/news-archives/pemerintah-tetap-komit268
K. Yadav et al.