Social Responsibility in a University Hospital: An Application …
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dissatisfaction, and low productivity, which are worrisome factors for the hospital
management.
9 Results: Application of MA
The project started in Phase 0, which consisted of explaining to the workers
the purpose of the project, its phases, methods, and techniques that will be
used. Following, Phase 1 consisted of understanding and mapping the system’s
macro-economic problems.
This survey was conducted directly, through the participation of employees, and
indirectly, by incorporating the opinion of 2 experts and 2 researchers. Direct observation is followed by three steps, based on the Macroergonomic Design [DM] defined
by Fogliatto and Guimarães (1999). The first step is user identification and organized collection of information from a representative sample of users (collection of
the user’s voice through non-induced interviews); the second is the prioritization of
the EDI’s identified by the user and finally the incorporation of the experts’ opinion
on the questionnaires. The indirect survey was carried out with researchers’ visits
at different periods in both shifts and scales in the hospital, where it was possible
to analyze and identify problems related to the environment and job, considering
the conditions of the environment, work organization and general aspects of the
company.
For the initial collection of information, interviews were held with 6 employees
who clean the place. Then, the positive and negative points mentioned by the
interviewees were analyzed and listed in the order they were mentioned.
In this stage, three surveys were prepared. The first one was related to the
employee’s satisfaction considering environmental, biomechanics, work content,
work organization, risk, and enterprise aspects. The second survey was developed
based on the model proposed by Guimarães (2000) (from the Body Part Discomfort
method of Corlett and Bishop (1976)), which seeks to analyze in detail the discomfort
and pain in employees, considering anthropometric differences, such as age.
The third and last survey was prepared based on the first questionnaire, where the
importance of some environmental, biomechanical and business items for employees
was analyzed.
The three survey were applied to a sample of 13 people, from a total of 15
employees. Afterward, each questionnaire was tabulated individually, and the results
were classified by constructs the following ABCORE classification (environmental,
biomechanics, work content, work organization, risks, and enterprise) and subjected
to statistical analysis, using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient, for each set of questions.
The consistency of the responses is shown in Table 1.
Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient showed values greater than 0.6, which represents data stability and reliability. After the results were recorded and classified,
as proposed by the MA, the degree of prioritization of each of the requirements
was calculated, considering the assessment of satisfaction and importance, obtained
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dissatisfaction, and low productivity, which are worrisome factors for the hospital
management.
9 Results: Application of MA
The project started in Phase 0, which consisted of explaining to the workers
the purpose of the project, its phases, methods, and techniques that will be
used. Following, Phase 1 consisted of understanding and mapping the system’s
macro-economic problems.
This survey was conducted directly, through the participation of employees, and
indirectly, by incorporating the opinion of 2 experts and 2 researchers. Direct observation is followed by three steps, based on the Macroergonomic Design [DM] defined
by Fogliatto and Guimarães (1999). The first step is user identification and organized collection of information from a representative sample of users (collection of
the user’s voice through non-induced interviews); the second is the prioritization of
the EDI’s identified by the user and finally the incorporation of the experts’ opinion
on the questionnaires. The indirect survey was carried out with researchers’ visits
at different periods in both shifts and scales in the hospital, where it was possible
to analyze and identify problems related to the environment and job, considering
the conditions of the environment, work organization and general aspects of the
company.
For the initial collection of information, interviews were held with 6 employees
who clean the place. Then, the positive and negative points mentioned by the
interviewees were analyzed and listed in the order they were mentioned.
In this stage, three surveys were prepared. The first one was related to the
employee’s satisfaction considering environmental, biomechanics, work content,
work organization, risk, and enterprise aspects. The second survey was developed
based on the model proposed by Guimarães (2000) (from the Body Part Discomfort
method of Corlett and Bishop (1976)), which seeks to analyze in detail the discomfort
and pain in employees, considering anthropometric differences, such as age.
The third and last survey was prepared based on the first questionnaire, where the
importance of some environmental, biomechanical and business items for employees
was analyzed.
The three survey were applied to a sample of 13 people, from a total of 15
employees. Afterward, each questionnaire was tabulated individually, and the results
were classified by constructs the following ABCORE classification (environmental,
biomechanics, work content, work organization, risks, and enterprise) and subjected
to statistical analysis, using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient, for each set of questions.
The consistency of the responses is shown in Table 1.
Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient showed values greater than 0.6, which represents data stability and reliability. After the results were recorded and classified,
as proposed by the MA, the degree of prioritization of each of the requirements
was calculated, considering the assessment of satisfaction and importance, obtained