Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation Social …
527
(OECD), presents innovation as the “implementation of a product (good or service)
new or significantly improved, or a process, or a new marketing method, or a new
organizational method in business practices, workplace organization or external
relations”.
The point is that technological innovations have acquired an indisputable relevance to economic development. Certainly they have always existed, however, is
only the meeting of science with production during the Industrial Revolution, the
production of technological innovations can be made through a specific and formal
activity. The moment that scientific activity ceased to be contemplative to become
active is the one where the source of practical industry solutions did not serve to
solve the growing range of problems; to add practical solutions came in increasing
numbers, scientific solutions. The evolution of capitalism has led to very relationship between science and production to higher levels of formalization, organization,
finally, to systematize (Zawi´ slak 1994).
For researchers Tardif and Harrison (2005) social innovation is a response given
by Actors initiative seeking to meet a particular need, create solutions, take advantage
of opportunities in order to make actions, social and cultural relations. The above
authors ensure that happens one mix between identities, norms and individual values
resulting in a collective learning.
Silva (2012) identified in the literature, studies on social innovation and its spread,
which led to realize that there is no agreement on the definition of the term. However,
the author pointed out that the concept has been pluralized in several countries,
notably the United States, Canada, Europe and even in Brazil. In the United States,
there are universities, such as Stanford, Harvard and Brown, who formed study
groups to research the topic. In Canada, one of the main groups of social innovation
studies, the Center de Recherche Sur Les Innovations Sociales (CRISES). In Europe,
INSEAD, University of Cambridge, and projects such as EMUDE and ISESS, who
conduct research and actions of social character. In Brazil, there is the work done by
the Institute of Social Technology (ITS).
The original concept of entrepreneur is important and pretty old. Supports its roots
in classical economic doctrine originated in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
and is the basis of studies of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century.
For this theory, entrepreneurship is the activity of the entrepreneur. The entrepreneur
is typically an economic agent. (Schumpeter 1995, p. 619). “The term had changes
over time” (Dornelas 2005, p. 14). The entrepreneur organizes resources—money,
property, land, people—to get the best material result (Marins 2010).
Undertake means changing reality to it offer positive values to the community.
Means furthermore engender ways to generate and distribute material and immaterial
wealth through ideas, knowledge, theories, arts, philosophy. Undertake means to
“believe in the ability to change the world; indignation at social inequities. Undertake
is especially a future building process” (Dolabella 2003, p. 30).
Entrepreneurship involves subjects and methods in order to adapt an idea into a
suitable opportunity for trading, in which the entrepreneur is the guy who envisions
a commercial operation targeting an interest, therefore, be responsible for calculated
risks. Thus, entrepreneurship has become critical to the development of the economy,
527
(OECD), presents innovation as the “implementation of a product (good or service)
new or significantly improved, or a process, or a new marketing method, or a new
organizational method in business practices, workplace organization or external
relations”.
The point is that technological innovations have acquired an indisputable relevance to economic development. Certainly they have always existed, however, is
only the meeting of science with production during the Industrial Revolution, the
production of technological innovations can be made through a specific and formal
activity. The moment that scientific activity ceased to be contemplative to become
active is the one where the source of practical industry solutions did not serve to
solve the growing range of problems; to add practical solutions came in increasing
numbers, scientific solutions. The evolution of capitalism has led to very relationship between science and production to higher levels of formalization, organization,
finally, to systematize (Zawi´ slak 1994).
For researchers Tardif and Harrison (2005) social innovation is a response given
by Actors initiative seeking to meet a particular need, create solutions, take advantage
of opportunities in order to make actions, social and cultural relations. The above
authors ensure that happens one mix between identities, norms and individual values
resulting in a collective learning.
Silva (2012) identified in the literature, studies on social innovation and its spread,
which led to realize that there is no agreement on the definition of the term. However,
the author pointed out that the concept has been pluralized in several countries,
notably the United States, Canada, Europe and even in Brazil. In the United States,
there are universities, such as Stanford, Harvard and Brown, who formed study
groups to research the topic. In Canada, one of the main groups of social innovation
studies, the Center de Recherche Sur Les Innovations Sociales (CRISES). In Europe,
INSEAD, University of Cambridge, and projects such as EMUDE and ISESS, who
conduct research and actions of social character. In Brazil, there is the work done by
the Institute of Social Technology (ITS).
The original concept of entrepreneur is important and pretty old. Supports its roots
in classical economic doctrine originated in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
and is the basis of studies of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century.
For this theory, entrepreneurship is the activity of the entrepreneur. The entrepreneur
is typically an economic agent. (Schumpeter 1995, p. 619). “The term had changes
over time” (Dornelas 2005, p. 14). The entrepreneur organizes resources—money,
property, land, people—to get the best material result (Marins 2010).
Undertake means changing reality to it offer positive values to the community.
Means furthermore engender ways to generate and distribute material and immaterial
wealth through ideas, knowledge, theories, arts, philosophy. Undertake means to
“believe in the ability to change the world; indignation at social inequities. Undertake
is especially a future building process” (Dolabella 2003, p. 30).
Entrepreneurship involves subjects and methods in order to adapt an idea into a
suitable opportunity for trading, in which the entrepreneur is the guy who envisions
a commercial operation targeting an interest, therefore, be responsible for calculated
risks. Thus, entrepreneurship has become critical to the development of the economy,