310
Newton’s law of cooling, 2, 21
Nongray diffuse isothermal surfaces, 270
Nongray gas
net heat transfer, 286–287
radiation exchange, 288
Nonisothermal surface radiation
exchange, 268–269
Nusselt number, 129, 213. See also
Prandtl number; Reynolds
analogy; Reynolds number
calculation, 138
determination, 180, 181, 182, 184, 189
local Nusselt number distribution,
158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 164, 165
surface, 183
uniformwall heat flux, 172
uniformwall temperature, 175
O
1-D. See One-dimension (1-D)
One-dimension (1-D), 1, 6, 103
conservation in, 7
energy balance, 116
heat conduction, 2, 10, 13, 76, 78, 83,
84, 85
heat flux, 291
with heat sink, 11
with heat source, 11
hollow cylinder during, 123
transient conduction, 70, 78, 181
transient heat, 81
transient heat equation, 79
variable separation, 73
One-dimension (1-D) steady-state heat
conduction, 1, 13, 31–37, 38–43.
See also One-dimension (1-D)
transient heat conduction
cylindrical medium, 20
fin application, 11
through fins, 21, 27
without heat generation, 15
with heat generation, 18
heater application, 11
through plane walls, 13
problem, 1
radiation effect, 30
One-dimension (1-D) transient heat
conduction, 74, 79, 96, 97
and characteristic length, 70
convection BC, 77, 85
Index
finite difference energy balance
method, 114, 116
heat diffusion equation, 81
without heat generation, 69
with heat generation, 76–78, 114
integral method, 85–86
Laplace transform method, 81–84
semiinfinite solid material, 78, 86
similarity method, 78–81
in slab, 73–74
solution, 81
surface heat flux boundary
condition, 84
surface temperature boundary
condition, 83
P
Planck emissive power, 225
Plane angle, 223
Prandtl mixing length theory, 205
Prandtl number, 129, 185. See also
Nusselt number; Reynolds
analogy; Reynolds number
of air, 41
calculation, 138
effect on law of wall, 208
entrance length to tube diameter
ratio, 169
heat transfer coefficient
determination, 165
molecular, 200
turbulent, 200, 201, 203
unity, 150, 208
Pumping power, 171
heat transfer coefficient, 21
R
Radiant heater panel model, 263
Radiation exchange, nonisothermal
surface, 268–269
Radiation heat transfer, 3, 221, 233–237,
272–274, 282, 288, 293–296
absorptivity determination, 231
blackbody, 225
between coal bed and brick wall, 227
effect, 26, 30
electric furnace applications, 257
electric network analogy, 259–263, 285
emissive power, 221–223
between enclosures, 260, 285, 287
Newton’s law of cooling, 2, 21
Nongray diffuse isothermal surfaces, 270
Nongray gas
net heat transfer, 286–287
radiation exchange, 288
Nonisothermal surface radiation
exchange, 268–269
Nusselt number, 129, 213. See also
Prandtl number; Reynolds
analogy; Reynolds number
calculation, 138
determination, 180, 181, 182, 184, 189
local Nusselt number distribution,
158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 164, 165
surface, 183
uniformwall heat flux, 172
uniformwall temperature, 175
O
1-D. See One-dimension (1-D)
One-dimension (1-D), 1, 6, 103
conservation in, 7
energy balance, 116
heat conduction, 2, 10, 13, 76, 78, 83,
84, 85
heat flux, 291
with heat sink, 11
with heat source, 11
hollow cylinder during, 123
transient conduction, 70, 78, 181
transient heat, 81
transient heat equation, 79
variable separation, 73
One-dimension (1-D) steady-state heat
conduction, 1, 13, 31–37, 38–43.
See also One-dimension (1-D)
transient heat conduction
cylindrical medium, 20
fin application, 11
through fins, 21, 27
without heat generation, 15
with heat generation, 18
heater application, 11
through plane walls, 13
problem, 1
radiation effect, 30
One-dimension (1-D) transient heat
conduction, 74, 79, 96, 97
and characteristic length, 70
convection BC, 77, 85
Index
finite difference energy balance
method, 114, 116
heat diffusion equation, 81
without heat generation, 69
with heat generation, 76–78, 114
integral method, 85–86
Laplace transform method, 81–84
semiinfinite solid material, 78, 86
similarity method, 78–81
in slab, 73–74
solution, 81
surface heat flux boundary
condition, 84
surface temperature boundary
condition, 83
P
Planck emissive power, 225
Plane angle, 223
Prandtl mixing length theory, 205
Prandtl number, 129, 185. See also
Nusselt number; Reynolds
analogy; Reynolds number
of air, 41
calculation, 138
effect on law of wall, 208
entrance length to tube diameter
ratio, 169
heat transfer coefficient
determination, 165
molecular, 200
turbulent, 200, 201, 203
unity, 150, 208
Pumping power, 171
heat transfer coefficient, 21
R
Radiant heater panel model, 263
Radiation exchange, nonisothermal
surface, 268–269
Radiation heat transfer, 3, 221, 233–237,
272–274, 282, 288, 293–296
absorptivity determination, 231
blackbody, 225
between coal bed and brick wall, 227
effect, 26, 30
electric furnace applications, 257
electric network analogy, 259–263, 285
emissive power, 221–223
between enclosures, 260, 285, 287