109
Pulsed Electric Fields in Biological Cells and Membranes
Hsiao, G. C. 1990. The coupling of boundary element and finite element methods. Z Angew
Math Mech 70:493–503.
Hu, Q., and R. P. Joshi. 2009. Analysis of intense, subnanosecond electrical pulse-induced
transmembrane voltage in spheroidal cells with arbitrary orientation. IEEE Trans
Biomedical Eng 56:1617–26.
Ilic L., T. R. Gowrishankar, T. E. Vaughan, T. O. Herndon, and J. C. Weaver. 1999. Spatially
constrained skin electroporation with sodium thiosulfate and urea creates transdermal microconduits. J Controlled Release 61:185–202.
Irimajiri, A., T. Hanai, and A. Inouye. 1979. A dielectric theory of “multi-stratified shell”
model with its application to a lymphoma cell. J Theor Biol 78:251–69.
Isambert, H. 1998. Understanding the electroporation of cells and artificial bilayer membranes. Phys Rev Lett 80:3404–7.
Jin, J. 1993. Finite Element Method in Electromagnetics. New York: Wiley.
Johnson, C., and J. C. Nedelec. 1980. Coupling of boundary integral and finite element
methods. Math Comput 35:1063–1080.
Joshi, R. P., Q. Hu, R. Aly, K. H. Schoenbach, and H. P. Hjalmarson. 2001. Self-consistent
simulations of electroporation dynamics in biological cells subjected to ultrafast
electrical pulses. Phys Rev E 64:011913.
Joshi, R. P., Q. Hu, and K. H. Schoenbach. 2004. Modeling studies of cell response to
ultrashort, high-intensity electric fields – implications for intracellular manipulation. IEEE Trans Plasma Sci 32:1677–86.
Joshi, R. P., Q. Hu, K. H. Schoenbach, and S. J. Beebe. 2004. Energy-landscape-model
analysis for irreversibility and its pulse-width dependence in cells subjected to a
high-intensity ultrashort electric pulse. Phys Rev E 69:051901.
Joshi, R. P., Q. Hu, K. H. Schoenbach, and H. P. Hjalmarson. 2002. Improved energy model
for membrane electroporation in biological cells subjected to electrical pulses. Phys
Rev E 65:041920.
Joshi, R. P., A. Mishra, J. Song, A. Pakhomov, and K. H. Schoenbach. 2008. Simulation
studies of ultrashort, high-intensity electric pulse induced action potential block in
whole-animal nerves. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 55:1391–8.
Joshi, R. P., A. Nguyen, V. Sridhara, Q. Hu, R. Nuccitelli, and K. H. Schoenbach. 2007.
Simulations of intra-cellular calcium release dynamics in response to a highintensity, ultra-short electric pulse. Phys Rev E 75:041920.
Joshi, R. P., and K. H. Schoenbach. 2000. Electroporation dynamics in biological cells subjected
to ultrafast electrical pulses: A numerical simulation study. Phys Rev E 62:1025–33.
Joshi, R. P., and J. Song. 2010. Model analysis of electric fields induced by high-voltage
pulsing in cylindrical nerves. IEEE Trans Plasma Sci 38:2894–900.
Joshi, R. P., J. Song, and V. Sridhara. 2009. Aspects of lipid membrane bio-responses to subnanosecond, ultrahigh voltage pulsing. IEEE Trans Dielectr and Electr Insula 16:1243–50.
Kennedy, S. M., Z. Ji, J. C. Hedstrom, J. H. Booske, and S. C. Hagness. 2008. Quantification
of electroporative uptake kinetics and electric field heterogeneity effects in cells.
Biophys J 94:5018–27.
Kinosita Jr, K., and T. Y. Tsong. 1977. Formation and resealing of pores of controlled sizes
in human erythrocyte membrane. Nature 268:438–41.
Kirkwood, J. G. 1939. The dielectric polarization of polar liquids. J Chem Phys 7:911–9.
Pulsed Electric Fields in Biological Cells and Membranes
Hsiao, G. C. 1990. The coupling of boundary element and finite element methods. Z Angew
Math Mech 70:493–503.
Hu, Q., and R. P. Joshi. 2009. Analysis of intense, subnanosecond electrical pulse-induced
transmembrane voltage in spheroidal cells with arbitrary orientation. IEEE Trans
Biomedical Eng 56:1617–26.
Ilic L., T. R. Gowrishankar, T. E. Vaughan, T. O. Herndon, and J. C. Weaver. 1999. Spatially
constrained skin electroporation with sodium thiosulfate and urea creates transdermal microconduits. J Controlled Release 61:185–202.
Irimajiri, A., T. Hanai, and A. Inouye. 1979. A dielectric theory of “multi-stratified shell”
model with its application to a lymphoma cell. J Theor Biol 78:251–69.
Isambert, H. 1998. Understanding the electroporation of cells and artificial bilayer membranes. Phys Rev Lett 80:3404–7.
Jin, J. 1993. Finite Element Method in Electromagnetics. New York: Wiley.
Johnson, C., and J. C. Nedelec. 1980. Coupling of boundary integral and finite element
methods. Math Comput 35:1063–1080.
Joshi, R. P., Q. Hu, R. Aly, K. H. Schoenbach, and H. P. Hjalmarson. 2001. Self-consistent
simulations of electroporation dynamics in biological cells subjected to ultrafast
electrical pulses. Phys Rev E 64:011913.
Joshi, R. P., Q. Hu, and K. H. Schoenbach. 2004. Modeling studies of cell response to
ultrashort, high-intensity electric fields – implications for intracellular manipulation. IEEE Trans Plasma Sci 32:1677–86.
Joshi, R. P., Q. Hu, K. H. Schoenbach, and S. J. Beebe. 2004. Energy-landscape-model
analysis for irreversibility and its pulse-width dependence in cells subjected to a
high-intensity ultrashort electric pulse. Phys Rev E 69:051901.
Joshi, R. P., Q. Hu, K. H. Schoenbach, and H. P. Hjalmarson. 2002. Improved energy model
for membrane electroporation in biological cells subjected to electrical pulses. Phys
Rev E 65:041920.
Joshi, R. P., A. Mishra, J. Song, A. Pakhomov, and K. H. Schoenbach. 2008. Simulation
studies of ultrashort, high-intensity electric pulse induced action potential block in
whole-animal nerves. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 55:1391–8.
Joshi, R. P., A. Nguyen, V. Sridhara, Q. Hu, R. Nuccitelli, and K. H. Schoenbach. 2007.
Simulations of intra-cellular calcium release dynamics in response to a highintensity, ultra-short electric pulse. Phys Rev E 75:041920.
Joshi, R. P., and K. H. Schoenbach. 2000. Electroporation dynamics in biological cells subjected
to ultrafast electrical pulses: A numerical simulation study. Phys Rev E 62:1025–33.
Joshi, R. P., and J. Song. 2010. Model analysis of electric fields induced by high-voltage
pulsing in cylindrical nerves. IEEE Trans Plasma Sci 38:2894–900.
Joshi, R. P., J. Song, and V. Sridhara. 2009. Aspects of lipid membrane bio-responses to subnanosecond, ultrahigh voltage pulsing. IEEE Trans Dielectr and Electr Insula 16:1243–50.
Kennedy, S. M., Z. Ji, J. C. Hedstrom, J. H. Booske, and S. C. Hagness. 2008. Quantification
of electroporative uptake kinetics and electric field heterogeneity effects in cells.
Biophys J 94:5018–27.
Kinosita Jr, K., and T. Y. Tsong. 1977. Formation and resealing of pores of controlled sizes
in human erythrocyte membrane. Nature 268:438–41.
Kirkwood, J. G. 1939. The dielectric polarization of polar liquids. J Chem Phys 7:911–9.