methanogenesis (Schink et al. 1981). Also, various Methanothermobacter species
may originate from the insect’s GI tract especially in termites (Leadbetter and
Breznak 1996).
Biogas plants or digesters as well as landfills are also the most common habitat of
methanogenic bacteria. The community is also depending on the substrate and varies
accordingly. In the case of biogas plant Due to the process of acetogenesis and
fermentation, complex polymeric organic materials are hydrolyzed to amino acids as
well as sugar, carbon dioxide and hydrogen is created for methanogenesis as
substrate (Tumbula et al. 1997). In case of biogas plants, after hydrolytic activity
of polymers, complex sugars as well as amino acids are produced through
methanogenesis by acetate, H 2 as well as CO 2 .
Figure 3.6 shows the percentage generation of various components during
methanogenesis. Methanogenesis not only displays a wide range of information
about their habitat, but it is morphologically also highly diversified. Also, it may
vary in terms of pH, uniqueness, as well as temperature optimization.
Methanosphaera or Methanococcus is in the group of coccoid which is short or
long rod type. Methanoplanus which is a plate type shape and Methanopyrus which
is rod type chain as well as Methanospirillum which is as per the name is spiral type
belongs to the methanogenic group (Wang et al. 2017).
Differences in methanogenic bacteria are also found in diverse growth situations.
Many methane-producing bacteria can be sustained in a mesophilic temperature
Fig. 3.5 Methanogens as a type of prokaryotes
3 A Comprehensive Review on Microbial Technology for Biogas Production
69
may originate from the insect’s GI tract especially in termites (Leadbetter and
Breznak 1996).
Biogas plants or digesters as well as landfills are also the most common habitat of
methanogenic bacteria. The community is also depending on the substrate and varies
accordingly. In the case of biogas plant Due to the process of acetogenesis and
fermentation, complex polymeric organic materials are hydrolyzed to amino acids as
well as sugar, carbon dioxide and hydrogen is created for methanogenesis as
substrate (Tumbula et al. 1997). In case of biogas plants, after hydrolytic activity
of polymers, complex sugars as well as amino acids are produced through
methanogenesis by acetate, H 2 as well as CO 2 .
Figure 3.6 shows the percentage generation of various components during
methanogenesis. Methanogenesis not only displays a wide range of information
about their habitat, but it is morphologically also highly diversified. Also, it may
vary in terms of pH, uniqueness, as well as temperature optimization.
Methanosphaera or Methanococcus is in the group of coccoid which is short or
long rod type. Methanoplanus which is a plate type shape and Methanopyrus which
is rod type chain as well as Methanospirillum which is as per the name is spiral type
belongs to the methanogenic group (Wang et al. 2017).
Differences in methanogenic bacteria are also found in diverse growth situations.
Many methane-producing bacteria can be sustained in a mesophilic temperature
Fig. 3.5 Methanogens as a type of prokaryotes
3 A Comprehensive Review on Microbial Technology for Biogas Production
69