strong base for the production of mono alkyl esters. Lipase is used as an enzyme
catalyst for biodiesel production using enzymatic transesterification reaction
(Mittelbach 1990). It is an enzyme isolated from various species of plant, animals,
bacteria, and fungi. Lipase from fungi as well as bacteria is used for biodiesel
production (Hu et al. 2018). Lipase isolated from many microorganisms such as
Aspergillus niger, Candida rugosa, Pseudomonas cepacia, Streptomyces sp., and
Thermomyces lanuginosus is used for the production of biodiesel. Biodiesel is
termed as the most significant biofuel obtained from organic materials such as
vegetable oils, animal, and microalgae. Using next-generation sequencing-based
metagenomic methods, enzymes are identified for biodiesel production. Various
novel enzymes were isolated for the degradation of biomass like β-glucosidases,
amylolytic enzymes, endoglucanases, xylanases, as well as ligases. Lipolytic enzyme
is applicable in the biodiesel production (Singh et al. 2020f; Xing et al. 2012).
5.4.2.1 Lipolytic Enzyme for Biodiesel Production
Various lipolytic enzymes such as lipases and esterases with specific character were
isolated from several environmental samples like marine sediment, soil, as well as
fermented compost by function-based screening or sequence-based screening (Verma
and Kuila 2020). Some important lipolytic enzymes were shown in Table 5.4.
Lipase enzymes hydrolyze long-chain acylglycerol, and esterase enzymes hydrolyze short-chain acylglycerol (Itoh 2017). New lipase (LipEH166) of lipolytic family
was isolated from the intertidal flat metagenome as well as characterizes as a novel
cold-adapted alkaline lipase (Kim et al. 2009). New gene encoded lipase Lip-1 was
isolated from the metagenomic bacterial artificial chromosome.
Table 5.4 Lipolytic enzymes and their targeted oil and alcohol for transesterification reaction used
in biodiesel production
Enzymes
Oil
Alcohol
Yield
References
Lipozyme TL IM
Vegetable oil
Ethanol
84
Hernández-Martín and Otero
(2008)
E. aerogenes lipase Jatropha oil
Methanol
94
Kumari et al. (2009)
Novozym 435
Soybean oil
Methyl acetate 92
Samukawa et al. (2000)
Lipozyme
Sunflower oil Ethanol
83
Selmi and Thomas (1998)
IM B. cepacia
lipase
Palm oil
Methanol
100
Jegannathan et al. (2010)
Novozym 435
Waste
cooking oil
Methanol
90
Watanabe et al. (2001)
C. rugosa lipase
Rapeseed oil
2-Ethyl-1hexanol
97
Linko (1996)
P. expansum lipase Corn oil
Methanol
100
Zhang et al. (2011)
IM T. lanuginosus
lipase
Fat and oils
Ethanol
70–100 Hsu et al. (2004)
Candida sp. lipase
IM
Microalgae
Methanol
98
Li et al. (2007)
118
N. Singh et al.
catalyst for biodiesel production using enzymatic transesterification reaction
(Mittelbach 1990). It is an enzyme isolated from various species of plant, animals,
bacteria, and fungi. Lipase from fungi as well as bacteria is used for biodiesel
production (Hu et al. 2018). Lipase isolated from many microorganisms such as
Aspergillus niger, Candida rugosa, Pseudomonas cepacia, Streptomyces sp., and
Thermomyces lanuginosus is used for the production of biodiesel. Biodiesel is
termed as the most significant biofuel obtained from organic materials such as
vegetable oils, animal, and microalgae. Using next-generation sequencing-based
metagenomic methods, enzymes are identified for biodiesel production. Various
novel enzymes were isolated for the degradation of biomass like β-glucosidases,
amylolytic enzymes, endoglucanases, xylanases, as well as ligases. Lipolytic enzyme
is applicable in the biodiesel production (Singh et al. 2020f; Xing et al. 2012).
5.4.2.1 Lipolytic Enzyme for Biodiesel Production
Various lipolytic enzymes such as lipases and esterases with specific character were
isolated from several environmental samples like marine sediment, soil, as well as
fermented compost by function-based screening or sequence-based screening (Verma
and Kuila 2020). Some important lipolytic enzymes were shown in Table 5.4.
Lipase enzymes hydrolyze long-chain acylglycerol, and esterase enzymes hydrolyze short-chain acylglycerol (Itoh 2017). New lipase (LipEH166) of lipolytic family
was isolated from the intertidal flat metagenome as well as characterizes as a novel
cold-adapted alkaline lipase (Kim et al. 2009). New gene encoded lipase Lip-1 was
isolated from the metagenomic bacterial artificial chromosome.
Table 5.4 Lipolytic enzymes and their targeted oil and alcohol for transesterification reaction used
in biodiesel production
Enzymes
Oil
Alcohol
Yield
References
Lipozyme TL IM
Vegetable oil
Ethanol
84
Hernández-Martín and Otero
(2008)
E. aerogenes lipase Jatropha oil
Methanol
94
Kumari et al. (2009)
Novozym 435
Soybean oil
Methyl acetate 92
Samukawa et al. (2000)
Lipozyme
Sunflower oil Ethanol
83
Selmi and Thomas (1998)
IM B. cepacia
lipase
Palm oil
Methanol
100
Jegannathan et al. (2010)
Novozym 435
Waste
cooking oil
Methanol
90
Watanabe et al. (2001)
C. rugosa lipase
Rapeseed oil
2-Ethyl-1hexanol
97
Linko (1996)
P. expansum lipase Corn oil
Methanol
100
Zhang et al. (2011)
IM T. lanuginosus
lipase
Fat and oils
Ethanol
70–100 Hsu et al. (2004)
Candida sp. lipase
IM
Microalgae
Methanol
98
Li et al. (2007)
118
N. Singh et al.