analysis of uncultured microbes in the environment. The application of
metagenomics includes the discovery of novel industrial enzyme and antibiotics,
personalized medicine, as well as bioremediation. Lignocellulosic substances give
biofuel in the form of products like biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas, and biobutanol
(Chen et al. 2020a, b, c; Ma et al. 2020). The lipase enzyme plays a potential role in
the production of biodiesel. Using metagenomic approaches, microbes are cleaning
up environmental pollutants like the waste from waste treatment as well as the
gasoline leaks on the lands or oil spills in the oceans as well as harmful chemicals
(Sebastian et al. 2013).
5.4.1 Metagenomic Methods for the Identification
and Characterization of Microorganisms
The processes of metagenomic analysis from species isolation and identification are
discussed step by step in this paper.
5.4.1.1 Sample Collection and Isolation of Genomic DNA
The biodegradation of biomass is the main process for biodiesel production. Hence,
the screening of suitable microorganisms can produce an effective enzymatic catalyst for the production of a biodiesel. In these screening of microbial species, it is
very necessary to identify a suitable sample collection site. Availability of biomassdegrading microorganism is depending on the dumping of site as such biomass (Wei
et al. 2020). For example, if you want to screen a lignocellulosic-degrading microbe,
then you need to select a lignocellulosic material dumping place. After the sample
collection, the sample needs to be preserved at an optimum temperature till further
analysis. DNA isolation is the second most step after sample collection. The DNA
extract from metagenomic samples using several methods and prepared genomic
library of isolated DNA. After that, the sample can be proceeded for sequencing
(Wang et al. 2019).
5.4.1.2 Host Selection and the Vector Construction
The vector and host are chosen for the construction of a library of metagenomics. A
suitable vector selection plays a potential role in metagenomic studies, and the
determined genome can be transferred into the host cell.
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N. Singh et al.
metagenomics includes the discovery of novel industrial enzyme and antibiotics,
personalized medicine, as well as bioremediation. Lignocellulosic substances give
biofuel in the form of products like biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas, and biobutanol
(Chen et al. 2020a, b, c; Ma et al. 2020). The lipase enzyme plays a potential role in
the production of biodiesel. Using metagenomic approaches, microbes are cleaning
up environmental pollutants like the waste from waste treatment as well as the
gasoline leaks on the lands or oil spills in the oceans as well as harmful chemicals
(Sebastian et al. 2013).
5.4.1 Metagenomic Methods for the Identification
and Characterization of Microorganisms
The processes of metagenomic analysis from species isolation and identification are
discussed step by step in this paper.
5.4.1.1 Sample Collection and Isolation of Genomic DNA
The biodegradation of biomass is the main process for biodiesel production. Hence,
the screening of suitable microorganisms can produce an effective enzymatic catalyst for the production of a biodiesel. In these screening of microbial species, it is
very necessary to identify a suitable sample collection site. Availability of biomassdegrading microorganism is depending on the dumping of site as such biomass (Wei
et al. 2020). For example, if you want to screen a lignocellulosic-degrading microbe,
then you need to select a lignocellulosic material dumping place. After the sample
collection, the sample needs to be preserved at an optimum temperature till further
analysis. DNA isolation is the second most step after sample collection. The DNA
extract from metagenomic samples using several methods and prepared genomic
library of isolated DNA. After that, the sample can be proceeded for sequencing
(Wang et al. 2019).
5.4.1.2 Host Selection and the Vector Construction
The vector and host are chosen for the construction of a library of metagenomics. A
suitable vector selection plays a potential role in metagenomic studies, and the
determined genome can be transferred into the host cell.
116
N. Singh et al.