Index
433
mass term, 213
spinor, 101–102
Mandelstam
s variable, 172–174
t variable, 172
u variable, 172
Mass
effective, 307
physical, 308, 313, 321
running, 33
shift, 307–308
Mass-shell condition, 172, 321
Massless spin1
2
particle, wave equation
for, 294–295
Massless vector field, wave equation for,
197
Maxwell field, 196–205
Maxwell’s equations, 13, 41, 43–47
gauge invariance of, 42, 45–47
and Lagrangian field theory, 196–
205
Lorentz covariance of, 45–47, 374–
375
and units, 369–370
Meissner effect, 32
Meson spectroscopy, 8
Metric tensor, 372
MKS units, 365, 369–370
Mode, 119–125
frequency, 119–121
normal, 119–121
coordinates, 119–121, 124
expansion, 123, 136, 139–140, 145,
149, 153, 191, 199, 202
interacting, 151
oscillator, 120–121, 124
quanta, 121–122
superposition, 119
operators, 140
time-like, 203–204
Momentum, generalized
canonically conjugate, 136, 200
Momentum sum rule, 282
Mott cross section, 229
Muon, 4
decay, 6
Muonic atoms, 338
Natural units, 365–367
Negative-energy solutions
Dirac’s interpretation, 76–77
Feynman’s interpretation, 77–80
Neutral current process, 23
Neutrino,
e-type and μ-type, 6
mass, 7
mixing, 7
oscillations, 7–8, 38
Newton’s constant (of gravity), 38, 360
Noether’s theorem, 186, 194
Non-Abelian gauge theories, 58
and asymptotic freedom, 343–344
Non-relativistic quantum mechanics, revision, 361–364
Non-renormalizable
term, 358, 360
theory, 31, 354, 358
Normalization
box, 160, 362
covariant, 224, 227
of states, 159, 224, 228
Normal ordering, 141, 187, 194–195, 226,
234
O(2) transformation, 184, 187
Off-mass-shell, 172
One-photon exchange approximation, 269
One-quantum exchange process, 15–20
Operator product expansion, 284
Optical theorem, 345, 401
Oscillator, quantum, 131–133
Pair creation, 77, 340
Parity
invariance, in electromagnetic interactions, 97, 211
operator P ˆ , 97
and Dirac equation, 97
eigenvalues, 97
and KG equation, 95
in quantum field theory, 210–211
transformation, P, 95
and Dirac equation, 95–97
and KG equation, 95
intrinsic, 97
opposite, for particle and antiparticle, 97, 211
violation, in weak interactions, 98–
99
433
mass term, 213
spinor, 101–102
Mandelstam
s variable, 172–174
t variable, 172
u variable, 172
Mass
effective, 307
physical, 308, 313, 321
running, 33
shift, 307–308
Mass-shell condition, 172, 321
Massless spin1
2
particle, wave equation
for, 294–295
Massless vector field, wave equation for,
197
Maxwell field, 196–205
Maxwell’s equations, 13, 41, 43–47
gauge invariance of, 42, 45–47
and Lagrangian field theory, 196–
205
Lorentz covariance of, 45–47, 374–
375
and units, 369–370
Meissner effect, 32
Meson spectroscopy, 8
Metric tensor, 372
MKS units, 365, 369–370
Mode, 119–125
frequency, 119–121
normal, 119–121
coordinates, 119–121, 124
expansion, 123, 136, 139–140, 145,
149, 153, 191, 199, 202
interacting, 151
oscillator, 120–121, 124
quanta, 121–122
superposition, 119
operators, 140
time-like, 203–204
Momentum, generalized
canonically conjugate, 136, 200
Momentum sum rule, 282
Mott cross section, 229
Muon, 4
decay, 6
Muonic atoms, 338
Natural units, 365–367
Negative-energy solutions
Dirac’s interpretation, 76–77
Feynman’s interpretation, 77–80
Neutral current process, 23
Neutrino,
e-type and μ-type, 6
mass, 7
mixing, 7
oscillations, 7–8, 38
Newton’s constant (of gravity), 38, 360
Noether’s theorem, 186, 194
Non-Abelian gauge theories, 58
and asymptotic freedom, 343–344
Non-relativistic quantum mechanics, revision, 361–364
Non-renormalizable
term, 358, 360
theory, 31, 354, 358
Normalization
box, 160, 362
covariant, 224, 227
of states, 159, 224, 228
Normal ordering, 141, 187, 194–195, 226,
234
O(2) transformation, 184, 187
Off-mass-shell, 172
One-photon exchange approximation, 269
One-quantum exchange process, 15–20
Operator product expansion, 284
Optical theorem, 345, 401
Oscillator, quantum, 131–133
Pair creation, 77, 340
Parity
invariance, in electromagnetic interactions, 97, 211
operator P ˆ , 97
and Dirac equation, 97
eigenvalues, 97
and KG equation, 95
in quantum field theory, 210–211
transformation, P, 95
and Dirac equation, 95–97
and KG equation, 95
intrinsic, 97
opposite, for particle and antiparticle, 97, 211
violation, in weak interactions, 98–
99