9 Assessment of Pollution of Water Resources and Process of Pollution Spreading
199
The condition of Polish lakes is mainly a consequence of their progressive eutrophication. The causes and effects of eutrophication are now known and comprehensively described in the limnological literature [99]. The lake, being an important
link in water retention, with deteriorating quality and contraction of groundwater
reserves, becomes a major source of high-quality water [2].
9.2 State of Hydrochemical Tests in Lakes
Western Pomerania
At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and in the pre-war period, the
hydrography of the lakes of Western Pomorze was handled by Halbfass [68, 69],
Jentsch [70, 71] and Wahnschaffe [72], who examined the more important reservoirs
of the region [73]. After the Second World War, limnology research significantly
expanded, just after the war, a study by Młodziejewski [75] about Lake Miedwie
appeared. At the end of the 1940s, an inventory of Polish lakes was carried out,
including those located in West Pomerania. As a result of these works, in the midfifties, the “Catalog of Lakes of Poland” was created [76]. In the sixties, the Inland
Fisheries Institute carried out morphometric and partly hydrochemical research,
among others 200 lakes located in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. The measurements made at that time are the basic source of knowledge about the morphometry
of these tanks. Prawdzic [73] presented in the physiographical, hydrographic, and
economic-tourism terms the largest lakes of Western Pomerania. In terms of natural
history, the Zachodniopomorskie Lake District was described in detail by Jasnowska
and Jasnowski [77], in geographical terms, it was done by Mikołajski [78]. Later, the
morphometric data of reservoirs larger than 1 ha were reported in the catalog of lakes
located in the Pomeranian Lake District [79]. In recent years, a publication has been
published regarding the facts of Szczecin lakes [80] and West Pomeranian islands
[81]. Brodzi´ nska et al. [82, 83] are the authors of the “Atlas of Lakes of Poland,” a
very valuable publication, which contains a lot of morphometric and hydrochemical
data concerning, among others, lakes with an area larger than 10 ha, located in the
area of the West Pomeranian.
There are few comprehensive hydrochemical studies of the lakes of Western
Pomerania. With increased intensity, such research began in the early seventies,
at which time Nguyen [84] performed a two-year study of lakes: I´ nsko Du˙ ze, I´ nsko
Małe, Wisala and Starzyc, tanks of various trophic degrees. At that time (1970–1976),
the Center for Environmental Research and Control researched the larger lakes of
this part of the country (lakes: D˛ abie, Liwia Łu˙ za, Miedwie, Morzycko, Pło´ n, and
Wo´ swin), the results of which were published in the Atlas of Lake Purity [85]. Many
Szczecin lakes were then examined as part of works carried out by the University of
Agriculture in Szczecin; the results are in the form of pens or publications [17, 18].
In Western Pomerania, as well as in other regions of Poland, for a long time, there
was an excessive runoff to surface waters of biogens and organic matter, as described
199
The condition of Polish lakes is mainly a consequence of their progressive eutrophication. The causes and effects of eutrophication are now known and comprehensively described in the limnological literature [99]. The lake, being an important
link in water retention, with deteriorating quality and contraction of groundwater
reserves, becomes a major source of high-quality water [2].
9.2 State of Hydrochemical Tests in Lakes
Western Pomerania
At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and in the pre-war period, the
hydrography of the lakes of Western Pomorze was handled by Halbfass [68, 69],
Jentsch [70, 71] and Wahnschaffe [72], who examined the more important reservoirs
of the region [73]. After the Second World War, limnology research significantly
expanded, just after the war, a study by Młodziejewski [75] about Lake Miedwie
appeared. At the end of the 1940s, an inventory of Polish lakes was carried out,
including those located in West Pomerania. As a result of these works, in the midfifties, the “Catalog of Lakes of Poland” was created [76]. In the sixties, the Inland
Fisheries Institute carried out morphometric and partly hydrochemical research,
among others 200 lakes located in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. The measurements made at that time are the basic source of knowledge about the morphometry
of these tanks. Prawdzic [73] presented in the physiographical, hydrographic, and
economic-tourism terms the largest lakes of Western Pomerania. In terms of natural
history, the Zachodniopomorskie Lake District was described in detail by Jasnowska
and Jasnowski [77], in geographical terms, it was done by Mikołajski [78]. Later, the
morphometric data of reservoirs larger than 1 ha were reported in the catalog of lakes
located in the Pomeranian Lake District [79]. In recent years, a publication has been
published regarding the facts of Szczecin lakes [80] and West Pomeranian islands
[81]. Brodzi´ nska et al. [82, 83] are the authors of the “Atlas of Lakes of Poland,” a
very valuable publication, which contains a lot of morphometric and hydrochemical
data concerning, among others, lakes with an area larger than 10 ha, located in the
area of the West Pomeranian.
There are few comprehensive hydrochemical studies of the lakes of Western
Pomerania. With increased intensity, such research began in the early seventies,
at which time Nguyen [84] performed a two-year study of lakes: I´ nsko Du˙ ze, I´ nsko
Małe, Wisala and Starzyc, tanks of various trophic degrees. At that time (1970–1976),
the Center for Environmental Research and Control researched the larger lakes of
this part of the country (lakes: D˛ abie, Liwia Łu˙ za, Miedwie, Morzycko, Pło´ n, and
Wo´ swin), the results of which were published in the Atlas of Lake Purity [85]. Many
Szczecin lakes were then examined as part of works carried out by the University of
Agriculture in Szczecin; the results are in the form of pens or publications [17, 18].
In Western Pomerania, as well as in other regions of Poland, for a long time, there
was an excessive runoff to surface waters of biogens and organic matter, as described