Table 3
(continued)
Leaf species
Contaminant
Water used
for the
experiment
Light/dark
cycle
Leaf disc size
(diameter)
Length of the
feeding study
Drying temperature and
time (before and after
exposure)
Starvation Equation used
References
Alnus
glutinosa
In situ and ex situ
feeding assays
In situ: river
water
Ex situ: river
water
In situ: 5 leaf
discs per cage
of 1.6 cm in
diameter
Ex situ: 5 leaf
discs per pot
of 1.6 cm in
diameter
6 days
Leaves:
Before:
After: 60
C for 4 days
Organisms:
After: 60
C for 4 days
24 h
C
¼
L1
ÂCL
ð
Þ À L2
WÂ6
C
¼ feeding rate
L
1 ¼ initial leaves dry weight (mg)
L
2 ¼
final leaves dry weight (mg)
W
¼ organisms dry weight (mg)
C
L ¼ leaf weight change correction
factor
CL
¼
Σ C
2
C
1
N
C
1 ¼ control leaf discs initial dry weight (mg)
C
2 ¼ control leaf discs
final dry weight (mg)
N
¼ number of control replicates
Bloor and
Banks
(2006b)
Alnus
glutinosa
Antibiotics
(added during the
conditioning
process)
River water
Total
darkness
1.5 cm
4 leaves at the
time to assess
food choice
58 h
Leaves:
Before: 60
C for 24 h
After: 60
C for 24 h
Organisms:
After: 60
C for 24 h
96 h
C
¼
f
b Àf
a
ð
Þ Ànb Àna
ð
Þ
½
Š  24
f
g
gÂt
C
¼ leaf mass consumed
f
b ¼ initial dry mass of the leaf disc
exposed to feeding (before conditioning) (mg)
f
a ¼
final dry mass of the leaf disc
exposed to feeding (mg)
n
b ¼ initial dry mass of the leaf disc
protected from feeding (mg)
n
a ¼
final dry mass of the leaf disc
protected from feeding (mg)
g
¼ animal’s dry weight (mg)
t
¼ feeding time (hours)
Bundschuh
et al. (2009)
Alnus
glutinosa
Fungicide
tebuconazole
1.6 cm
4 leaf discs at
the time, but
only 2 discs
were accessible to the
organism
12 h
Leaves:
Before:
After:
Organisms:
After:
Bundschuh
et al.
(2011a)
26
G. Consolandi et al.