322
S. Adeel et al.
Table 3 US treatment and reactive dyeing of cotton at various dyeing conditions
Radiation used
Dyeing parameters
Work done
US (10–60 min.)
Reactive Red 195
Curing temperature (160–210 °C),
curing time (1:40–2:30 min:s), pH
NaHCO3 (10–30 g/100 mL), urea
(60–90 g/100Ml
Muhammad Kamran
US (20–50 min.)
Reactive violet H3R (CI 182130)
Volume (15–65 mL), pH (7–11.5),
Salt (2–10 g/100 mL), temperature
(20–70 °C), time (15–65 min.)
Maria Jannat
US (10–50 min.)
Reactive Yellow 160
Temperature (30–90 °C), time
(20–50 min.), pH (1–12), volume
(15–50 mL), salt
(0.1–0.6 g/100 mL)
Muhammad Umar
US (10–60 min.)
Reactive Yellow 145
Temperature (70 °C), time
(35 min.), pH (9), Salt
(5 g/100 mL)
Muhammad Zeeshan
Table 4 US rays and vat dyeing of cotton at various conditions
Radiation used
Dyeing parameters
Work done
US (15–60 min.)
Vat Blue 4
Temperature (55 °C), time (60 min.), volume
(50 mL), Na 2 S 2 O 4 (2.5 g/100 mL), acetic acid
(2 mL), hydrogen peroxide (2 mL)
Aqsa Abdullah
US (10–60 min.)
Vat Yellow 46
Temperature (20–80 °C), Time (1–40 min.), redox
conditions, Na 2 S 2 O 4 (9–11 g/100 mL), NaOH
(60–80 g/100 mL)
Muhammad Kamran
Table 5 Efficacy of MW rays on disperse dyeing of polyester at given conditions
Radiation used
Dyeing parameters
Work done
MW (1–6 min.)
Disperse Red 153
Temperature (20–60 °C), time (20–60 min.), dispersant
(1–10 g/100 mL), pH (3–11), volume (20–70 mL)
Hina Tariq
MW (1–6 min.)
Disperse Yellow 79
Time (20–60 min.), dispersant (1–10 g/100 mL), pH
(3–11), volume (20–70 mL)
Hina Tariq
Mw (1.5–7.5 min.)
Disperse Orange 25
Temperature (80 °C), time (25 min.), pH (8), volume
(1:75 mL)
Saba Ayub
Table 6 Efficacy of US rays disperse dyeing of polyester at various conditions
Radiation used
Dyeing parameters
Work done
US (20–40 min.)
Disperse Blue 56
Time (25–60 min.), pH (5–9), volume (15–45 mL),
dispersant (0.6–0.9 g/100 mL)
Rabia Akhter
US (10–50 min.)
Disperse Red 13
Volume (15–50 mL), pH (3–12), dispersant
(0.1–0.6 g/100 mL), time (25–60 min.), temperature
(90–140 °C), time (20–50 min.)
Muhammad Umar
US (10–50 min.)
Disperse Red 343
Volume (10–60 mL), pH (5–11), dispersant
(1–5 g/100 mL), time (10–60 min.)
Muhammad Asif
S. Adeel et al.
Table 3 US treatment and reactive dyeing of cotton at various dyeing conditions
Radiation used
Dyeing parameters
Work done
US (10–60 min.)
Reactive Red 195
Curing temperature (160–210 °C),
curing time (1:40–2:30 min:s), pH
NaHCO3 (10–30 g/100 mL), urea
(60–90 g/100Ml
Muhammad Kamran
US (20–50 min.)
Reactive violet H3R (CI 182130)
Volume (15–65 mL), pH (7–11.5),
Salt (2–10 g/100 mL), temperature
(20–70 °C), time (15–65 min.)
Maria Jannat
US (10–50 min.)
Reactive Yellow 160
Temperature (30–90 °C), time
(20–50 min.), pH (1–12), volume
(15–50 mL), salt
(0.1–0.6 g/100 mL)
Muhammad Umar
US (10–60 min.)
Reactive Yellow 145
Temperature (70 °C), time
(35 min.), pH (9), Salt
(5 g/100 mL)
Muhammad Zeeshan
Table 4 US rays and vat dyeing of cotton at various conditions
Radiation used
Dyeing parameters
Work done
US (15–60 min.)
Vat Blue 4
Temperature (55 °C), time (60 min.), volume
(50 mL), Na 2 S 2 O 4 (2.5 g/100 mL), acetic acid
(2 mL), hydrogen peroxide (2 mL)
Aqsa Abdullah
US (10–60 min.)
Vat Yellow 46
Temperature (20–80 °C), Time (1–40 min.), redox
conditions, Na 2 S 2 O 4 (9–11 g/100 mL), NaOH
(60–80 g/100 mL)
Muhammad Kamran
Table 5 Efficacy of MW rays on disperse dyeing of polyester at given conditions
Radiation used
Dyeing parameters
Work done
MW (1–6 min.)
Disperse Red 153
Temperature (20–60 °C), time (20–60 min.), dispersant
(1–10 g/100 mL), pH (3–11), volume (20–70 mL)
Hina Tariq
MW (1–6 min.)
Disperse Yellow 79
Time (20–60 min.), dispersant (1–10 g/100 mL), pH
(3–11), volume (20–70 mL)
Hina Tariq
Mw (1.5–7.5 min.)
Disperse Orange 25
Temperature (80 °C), time (25 min.), pH (8), volume
(1:75 mL)
Saba Ayub
Table 6 Efficacy of US rays disperse dyeing of polyester at various conditions
Radiation used
Dyeing parameters
Work done
US (20–40 min.)
Disperse Blue 56
Time (25–60 min.), pH (5–9), volume (15–45 mL),
dispersant (0.6–0.9 g/100 mL)
Rabia Akhter
US (10–50 min.)
Disperse Red 13
Volume (15–50 mL), pH (3–12), dispersant
(0.1–0.6 g/100 mL), time (25–60 min.), temperature
(90–140 °C), time (20–50 min.)
Muhammad Umar
US (10–50 min.)
Disperse Red 343
Volume (10–60 mL), pH (5–11), dispersant
(1–5 g/100 mL), time (10–60 min.)
Muhammad Asif