156
S. Riaz and M. Ashraf
7.3.4 Turmeric (Curcumin)
Tumeric have been used since last many years as natural coloring material because of
possessing properties such as biodegradable, non-allergenic, non-toxic and remarkable antibacterial activity. Turmeric with botanical name Curcuma longa L. belongs
to family Zingiberaceae. It is originated from India but now found in most area
like southern Asia and throughout the tropics. Curcumin is the major ingredient
(Fig. 17) of Turmeric with other minor ingredients like bisdemethoxycurcumin and
demethoxycurcumin having biological attributes like antibacterial, anti-fungal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and healing [149, 150]. In recent years, due to these characteristics throughout the world they have grabbed a significant attention of medical and textile researchers. Curcuma longa L. with core phytochemicals (1,7-bis(4hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione) have been applied on textile
for dyeing and antimicrobial characteristics.
Several studies have been conducted in which curcumin have been proven as
antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and insect repellent. Also, it has been widely
accepted suitable antimicrobial agent for textiles [151, 152]. Silk fabric was died
with Turmeric and in pre-metallization process the Copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate
and potassium aluminium sulfate were used as mordant. Antibacterial silk textile
was prepared in which direct relation was found between degree of antimicrobial
activity and metal ion concentration. The mordant dyed textiles showed excellent
antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus an desired color fastness was
obtained [153].
Cotton fabric was modified with chitosan and enzyme [152] and then dyed with
curcumin. The dyed cotton showed enhanced antibacterial activity and desirable
color. The study was reported to show enhanced durability of curcumin on cotton
fabric along with more dye uptake. Silk fabric was died in the same way with various
concentrations of curcumin and using different mordants (ferric sulfate, cupric sulfate, and potassium aluminum sulfate). Then the developed silk fabric was assessed
for bacteriostatic property against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The
results showed that Turmeric died fabric have excellent antibacterial activity and
enough durability to washing [151]. Researchers have been finding the ways to
improve the functionality of textiles by combining the curcumin with other natural
Fig. 17 Chemical structure of curcumin
S. Riaz and M. Ashraf
7.3.4 Turmeric (Curcumin)
Tumeric have been used since last many years as natural coloring material because of
possessing properties such as biodegradable, non-allergenic, non-toxic and remarkable antibacterial activity. Turmeric with botanical name Curcuma longa L. belongs
to family Zingiberaceae. It is originated from India but now found in most area
like southern Asia and throughout the tropics. Curcumin is the major ingredient
(Fig. 17) of Turmeric with other minor ingredients like bisdemethoxycurcumin and
demethoxycurcumin having biological attributes like antibacterial, anti-fungal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and healing [149, 150]. In recent years, due to these characteristics throughout the world they have grabbed a significant attention of medical and textile researchers. Curcuma longa L. with core phytochemicals (1,7-bis(4hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione) have been applied on textile
for dyeing and antimicrobial characteristics.
Several studies have been conducted in which curcumin have been proven as
antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and insect repellent. Also, it has been widely
accepted suitable antimicrobial agent for textiles [151, 152]. Silk fabric was died
with Turmeric and in pre-metallization process the Copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate
and potassium aluminium sulfate were used as mordant. Antibacterial silk textile
was prepared in which direct relation was found between degree of antimicrobial
activity and metal ion concentration. The mordant dyed textiles showed excellent
antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus an desired color fastness was
obtained [153].
Cotton fabric was modified with chitosan and enzyme [152] and then dyed with
curcumin. The dyed cotton showed enhanced antibacterial activity and desirable
color. The study was reported to show enhanced durability of curcumin on cotton
fabric along with more dye uptake. Silk fabric was died in the same way with various
concentrations of curcumin and using different mordants (ferric sulfate, cupric sulfate, and potassium aluminum sulfate). Then the developed silk fabric was assessed
for bacteriostatic property against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The
results showed that Turmeric died fabric have excellent antibacterial activity and
enough durability to washing [151]. Researchers have been finding the ways to
improve the functionality of textiles by combining the curcumin with other natural
Fig. 17 Chemical structure of curcumin