Application of Enzymes in Textile Functional Finishing
119
Table 1 Microorganism mediated enzymes used in textile finishing process
Name of the enzyme Name of the
microorganism
Used in specific step of
finishing
References
Cellulase
Bacillus sp. Aspergillus
oryzae
Biostoning of denim;
biopolishing and softening
of denim
[15, 17]
Catalase
Micrococcus luteus
Used after bleaching for
cotton processing
[15, 16]
Amylase
Bacillus sp.
Remove starchy layer from [13, 15]
Protease
Bacillus licheniformis
prevent decolourisation of
denim; antifelting finishing
treatment on wool and silk
materials
[15, 16]
Pectinase
Bacillus subtilis
Hydrolysis of pection in
cotton fiber preparation,
scouring of cotton
[14]
4 Enzymes in Finishing Process and Its Role
Recent ongoing trends are application of different types of biological treatments in
order to prevent environmental pollution. Enzymatic application is ecofriendly and
cheap in nature. Now, in textile wet processing microbial enzymes are being used
regularly and successfully because they can be used in very minute condition and
provide promising result due to high specificity [16]. Normally, textile industry uses
excessive amount of water. Use of enzyme in finishing process reduce the usage of
water. Introduction of enzymatic finishing process in textile has improved the product
quality than before.
4.1 Cellulase in Bio-finishing and Denim Biostoning
First use of cellulase enzyme was started in the area of agriculture and food, in
addition with fermentation of alcohol and brewing industry. In textile dye-house,
laundries, use of cellulase was started less than two decades ago due to its special characters. Cellulose has slow kinetics in enzymatic degradation of cellulose
[17]. Therefore, bioconversion has inadequate feasibility due to crystalline structure
of cellulose. Because of this kinetic property cellulase has controlled action over
improvement of cellulosic fibers and has wide use in textile industry. Indeed, commercial textile cellulase production is in third position and one of the fastest growing
trades just after starch and detergent industry [17, 18]. In the field of textile finishing, cellulase play an important role in biopolishing. After dying on cotton fabric,
biopolishing has shown great report though it can be done before too. One key role
119
Table 1 Microorganism mediated enzymes used in textile finishing process
Name of the enzyme Name of the
microorganism
Used in specific step of
finishing
References
Cellulase
Bacillus sp. Aspergillus
oryzae
Biostoning of denim;
biopolishing and softening
of denim
[15, 17]
Catalase
Micrococcus luteus
Used after bleaching for
cotton processing
[15, 16]
Amylase
Bacillus sp.
Remove starchy layer from [13, 15]
Protease
Bacillus licheniformis
prevent decolourisation of
denim; antifelting finishing
treatment on wool and silk
materials
[15, 16]
Pectinase
Bacillus subtilis
Hydrolysis of pection in
cotton fiber preparation,
scouring of cotton
[14]
4 Enzymes in Finishing Process and Its Role
Recent ongoing trends are application of different types of biological treatments in
order to prevent environmental pollution. Enzymatic application is ecofriendly and
cheap in nature. Now, in textile wet processing microbial enzymes are being used
regularly and successfully because they can be used in very minute condition and
provide promising result due to high specificity [16]. Normally, textile industry uses
excessive amount of water. Use of enzyme in finishing process reduce the usage of
water. Introduction of enzymatic finishing process in textile has improved the product
quality than before.
4.1 Cellulase in Bio-finishing and Denim Biostoning
First use of cellulase enzyme was started in the area of agriculture and food, in
addition with fermentation of alcohol and brewing industry. In textile dye-house,
laundries, use of cellulase was started less than two decades ago due to its special characters. Cellulose has slow kinetics in enzymatic degradation of cellulose
[17]. Therefore, bioconversion has inadequate feasibility due to crystalline structure
of cellulose. Because of this kinetic property cellulase has controlled action over
improvement of cellulosic fibers and has wide use in textile industry. Indeed, commercial textile cellulase production is in third position and one of the fastest growing
trades just after starch and detergent industry [17, 18]. In the field of textile finishing, cellulase play an important role in biopolishing. After dying on cotton fabric,
biopolishing has shown great report though it can be done before too. One key role