connected to a Py core in a three-dimensional (3D) space is that the Py cores have to
stack with a staggered arrangement and the face-to-face distance (the c-axis) is
determined experimentally as 0.49 nm, as shown in the side view in Fig. 15c
(or the rectangular unit cell viewed along the a-axis is face-centered). Using experimental unit cell dimensions obtained from the above XRD studies, the density of the
porphyrin lamella is around 1.07 g/cm
3 . Third, Tps form a double-layer ordered
columnar liquid crystalline phase, and the π-π stacking distance is 0.35 nm. The
crystalline registry between the adjacent lamellae should exist in the crystalline
phases for samples 9, 10, and 12 at low temperatures but should be lost in the
lamello-columnar liquid crystalline phase for sample 12 at high temperatures. Thus,
a dashed line is used between two Tp layers to represent a possible glide plane in
Fig. 15a. When the arm length in Tps increases such as in sample 12, the ordering
within a column is lost, and the reflection at 0.35 nm thus disappears. Using
experimental unit cell dimensions obtained from the above XRD studies, the density
Fig. 13 (a) Temperature-dependent FTIR spectra for sample 11. (b) Angle-dependent polarized
light FTIR spectra for the oriented sample 11 with the polarized light angle changing from parallel
(0
) to perpendicular (90
) with respect to the shear direction (Miao and Zhu 2010c)
234
L. Zhu
stack with a staggered arrangement and the face-to-face distance (the c-axis) is
determined experimentally as 0.49 nm, as shown in the side view in Fig. 15c
(or the rectangular unit cell viewed along the a-axis is face-centered). Using experimental unit cell dimensions obtained from the above XRD studies, the density of the
porphyrin lamella is around 1.07 g/cm
3 . Third, Tps form a double-layer ordered
columnar liquid crystalline phase, and the π-π stacking distance is 0.35 nm. The
crystalline registry between the adjacent lamellae should exist in the crystalline
phases for samples 9, 10, and 12 at low temperatures but should be lost in the
lamello-columnar liquid crystalline phase for sample 12 at high temperatures. Thus,
a dashed line is used between two Tp layers to represent a possible glide plane in
Fig. 15a. When the arm length in Tps increases such as in sample 12, the ordering
within a column is lost, and the reflection at 0.35 nm thus disappears. Using
experimental unit cell dimensions obtained from the above XRD studies, the density
Fig. 13 (a) Temperature-dependent FTIR spectra for sample 11. (b) Angle-dependent polarized
light FTIR spectra for the oriented sample 11 with the polarized light angle changing from parallel
(0
) to perpendicular (90
) with respect to the shear direction (Miao and Zhu 2010c)
234
L. Zhu