Topics in Current Chemistry (2020) 378:3
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fibers from Platanus acerifolia as bio-templates. Seed fibers without any pretreatment were sequentially soaked in tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) and distilled water.
The natural moisture in the waste seed fibers played an important role in the twostep hydrolysis of titanium salt. The obtained titanium fiber hybrid (TFH) was
dried and calcined to remove the fiber bio-templates to obtain TiO 2 microtubes
(Fig. 10). The prepared TiO 2 microtubes displayed outstanding photocatalytic
performance in the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride under visible light
irradiation. This result was attributed to their high specific surface area and extension of the absorption spectrum to the visible light region [89].
In addition, mesoporous TiO 2 was synthesized by hydrolysis precipitation followed by a calcination step using a bio-renewable resource of lignin as a template
and TiCl 4 as a reactant (Fig. 11a). Because of the presence of lignin functionalities and the interactions between its hydroxyl group and the surface hydroxyl
groups of the TiO 2 precursor, the calcined samples attained finer crystallite size
and mesoporous structure. After calcination at 500 °C, the obtained mesoporous
TiO 2 exhibited high activity under UV irradiation for phenol degradation (97.9%)
during 120 min of reaction [90].
Similarly, the use of lignin was reported to give rise to a novel lignin-based carbon/ZnO (LC/ZnO) hybrid composite, with excellent photocatalytic performance,
via a convenient and environmentally friendly method (Fig. 11b) [91]. The photocatalytic activity of LC/ZnO was much higher than that of pure ZnO. The LC/ZnO
hybrid composite showed different photocatalytic mechanisms for degradation of
negative methyl orange (MO) and positive rhodamine B (RhB). The lignin-based
Fig. 11 a Formation mechanism of mesoporous TiO 2 with lignin as a template [90]. b Photocatalytic
mechanism for the degradation of MO (left) and RhB (right) over the LC–ZnO composite [91]
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Reprinted from the journal
1 3
fibers from Platanus acerifolia as bio-templates. Seed fibers without any pretreatment were sequentially soaked in tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) and distilled water.
The natural moisture in the waste seed fibers played an important role in the twostep hydrolysis of titanium salt. The obtained titanium fiber hybrid (TFH) was
dried and calcined to remove the fiber bio-templates to obtain TiO 2 microtubes
(Fig. 10). The prepared TiO 2 microtubes displayed outstanding photocatalytic
performance in the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride under visible light
irradiation. This result was attributed to their high specific surface area and extension of the absorption spectrum to the visible light region [89].
In addition, mesoporous TiO 2 was synthesized by hydrolysis precipitation followed by a calcination step using a bio-renewable resource of lignin as a template
and TiCl 4 as a reactant (Fig. 11a). Because of the presence of lignin functionalities and the interactions between its hydroxyl group and the surface hydroxyl
groups of the TiO 2 precursor, the calcined samples attained finer crystallite size
and mesoporous structure. After calcination at 500 °C, the obtained mesoporous
TiO 2 exhibited high activity under UV irradiation for phenol degradation (97.9%)
during 120 min of reaction [90].
Similarly, the use of lignin was reported to give rise to a novel lignin-based carbon/ZnO (LC/ZnO) hybrid composite, with excellent photocatalytic performance,
via a convenient and environmentally friendly method (Fig. 11b) [91]. The photocatalytic activity of LC/ZnO was much higher than that of pure ZnO. The LC/ZnO
hybrid composite showed different photocatalytic mechanisms for degradation of
negative methyl orange (MO) and positive rhodamine B (RhB). The lignin-based
Fig. 11 a Formation mechanism of mesoporous TiO 2 with lignin as a template [90]. b Photocatalytic
mechanism for the degradation of MO (left) and RhB (right) over the LC–ZnO composite [91]
16
Reprinted from the journal