52. Murai S, Kakiuchi F, Sekine S, Tanaka Y, Kamatani A, Sonoda M, Chatani N (1993) Efficient
catalytic addition of aromatic carbon-hydrogen bonds to olefins. Nature 366:529–531
53. Parisien M, Valette D, Fagnou K (2005) Direct arylation reactions catalyzed by Pd(OH)2/C:
evidence for a soluble palladium catalyst. J Org Chem 70:7578–7584
54. Pla D, Gómez M (2016) Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles: a lever for C–H functionalization.
ACS Catal 6:3537–3552
55. Raluy E, Favier I, López-Vinasco AM, Pradel C, Martin E, Madec D, Teuma E, Gómez M
(2011) A smart palladium catalyst in ionic liquid for tandem processes. Phys Chem Chem Phys
13:13579–13584
56. Reay AJ, Fairlamb IJS (2015) Catalytic C-H bond functionalisation chemistry: the case for
quasi-heterogeneous catalysis. Chem Commun 51:16289–16307
57. Reay AJ, Neumann LK, Fairlamb IJS (2016) Catalyst efficacy of homogeneous and heterogeneous palladium catalysts in the direct Arylation of common heterocycles. Synlett
27:1211–1216
58. Reay AJ, Hammarback LA, Bray JTW, Sheridan T, Turnbull D, Whitwood AC, Fairlamb IJS
(2017) Mild and regioselective Pd(OAc)2-catalyzed C–H Arylation of Tryptophans by [ArN2]
X, promoted by Tosic acid. ACS Catal 7:5174–5179
59. Saha D, Adak L, Ranu BC (2010) Palladium(0) nanoparticles-catalyzed ligand-free direct
arylation of benzothiazole via C–H bond functionalization. Tetrahedron Lett 51:5624–5627
60. Sahnoun S, Messaoudi S, Peyrat J-F, Brion J-D, Alami M (2008) Microwave-assisted Pd(OH)2catalyzed direct CÀH arylation of free-(NH2) adenines with aryl halides. Tetrahedron Lett
49:7279–7283
61. Sahnoun S, Messaoudi S, Brion J-D, Alami M (2009) A site selective C–H arylation of free(NH2) adenines with aryl chlorides: application to the synthesis of 6,8-disubstituted adenines.
Org Biomol Chem 7:4271–4278
62. Santoro S, Kozhushkov SI, Ackermann L, Vaccaro L (2016) Heterogeneous catalytic
approaches in C–H activation reactions. Green Chem 18:3471–3493
63. Santoro S, Ferlin F, Luciani L, Ackermann L, Vaccaro L (2017) Biomass-derived solvents as
effective media for cross-coupling reactions and C–H functionalization processes. Green Chem
19:1601–1612
64. Sherwood J, Clark JH, Fairlamb IJS, Slattery JM (2019) Solvent effects in palladium catalysed
cross-coupling reactions. Green Chem 21(9):2164–2213
65. Siamaki AR, Lin Y, Woodberry K, Connell JW, Gupton BF (2013) Palladium nanoparticles
supported on carbon nanotubes from solventless preparations: versatile catalysts for ligand-free
Suzuki cross coupling reactions. J Mater Chem A 1:12909–12918
66. Slavík P, Kurka DW, Smith DK (2018) Palladium-scavenging self-assembled hybrid
hydrogels – reusable highly-active green catalysts for Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. Chem Sci 9:8673–8681
67. Storr TE, Firth AG, Wilson K, Darley K, Baumann CG, Fairlamb IJS (2008) Site-selective
direct arylation of unprotected adenine nucleosides mediated by palladium and copper: insights
into the reaction mechanism. Tetrahedron 64:6125–6137
68. Storr TE, Baumann CG, Thatcher RJ, De Ornellas S, Whitwood AC, Fairlamb IJS (2009) Pd(0)/
Cu(I)-mediated direct arylation of 2
0 -deoxyadenosines: mechanistic role of Cu(I) and reactivity
comparisons with related purine nucleosides. J Org Chem 74:5810–5821
69. Tabasso S, Calcio Gaudino E, Rinaldi L, Ledoux A, Larini P, Cravotto G (2017) Microwaveassisted, ligand-free, direct C–H arylation of thiophenes in biomass-derived γ-valerolactone.
New J Chem 41:9210–9215
70. Tang D-TD, Collins KD, Glorius F (2013) Completely regioselective direct C–H
functionalization of Benzo[b]thiophenes using a simple heterogeneous catalyst. J Am Chem
Soc 135:7450–7453
71. Tang D-T, Collins KD, Ernst JB, Glorius F (2014) Pd/C as a catalyst for completely
regioselective C-H functionalization of thiophenes under mild conditions. Angew Chem Int
Ed Engl 53:1809–1813
Pd Nanoparticles in C–H Activation and Cross-coupling Catalysis
203
catalytic addition of aromatic carbon-hydrogen bonds to olefins. Nature 366:529–531
53. Parisien M, Valette D, Fagnou K (2005) Direct arylation reactions catalyzed by Pd(OH)2/C:
evidence for a soluble palladium catalyst. J Org Chem 70:7578–7584
54. Pla D, Gómez M (2016) Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles: a lever for C–H functionalization.
ACS Catal 6:3537–3552
55. Raluy E, Favier I, López-Vinasco AM, Pradel C, Martin E, Madec D, Teuma E, Gómez M
(2011) A smart palladium catalyst in ionic liquid for tandem processes. Phys Chem Chem Phys
13:13579–13584
56. Reay AJ, Fairlamb IJS (2015) Catalytic C-H bond functionalisation chemistry: the case for
quasi-heterogeneous catalysis. Chem Commun 51:16289–16307
57. Reay AJ, Neumann LK, Fairlamb IJS (2016) Catalyst efficacy of homogeneous and heterogeneous palladium catalysts in the direct Arylation of common heterocycles. Synlett
27:1211–1216
58. Reay AJ, Hammarback LA, Bray JTW, Sheridan T, Turnbull D, Whitwood AC, Fairlamb IJS
(2017) Mild and regioselective Pd(OAc)2-catalyzed C–H Arylation of Tryptophans by [ArN2]
X, promoted by Tosic acid. ACS Catal 7:5174–5179
59. Saha D, Adak L, Ranu BC (2010) Palladium(0) nanoparticles-catalyzed ligand-free direct
arylation of benzothiazole via C–H bond functionalization. Tetrahedron Lett 51:5624–5627
60. Sahnoun S, Messaoudi S, Peyrat J-F, Brion J-D, Alami M (2008) Microwave-assisted Pd(OH)2catalyzed direct CÀH arylation of free-(NH2) adenines with aryl halides. Tetrahedron Lett
49:7279–7283
61. Sahnoun S, Messaoudi S, Brion J-D, Alami M (2009) A site selective C–H arylation of free(NH2) adenines with aryl chlorides: application to the synthesis of 6,8-disubstituted adenines.
Org Biomol Chem 7:4271–4278
62. Santoro S, Kozhushkov SI, Ackermann L, Vaccaro L (2016) Heterogeneous catalytic
approaches in C–H activation reactions. Green Chem 18:3471–3493
63. Santoro S, Ferlin F, Luciani L, Ackermann L, Vaccaro L (2017) Biomass-derived solvents as
effective media for cross-coupling reactions and C–H functionalization processes. Green Chem
19:1601–1612
64. Sherwood J, Clark JH, Fairlamb IJS, Slattery JM (2019) Solvent effects in palladium catalysed
cross-coupling reactions. Green Chem 21(9):2164–2213
65. Siamaki AR, Lin Y, Woodberry K, Connell JW, Gupton BF (2013) Palladium nanoparticles
supported on carbon nanotubes from solventless preparations: versatile catalysts for ligand-free
Suzuki cross coupling reactions. J Mater Chem A 1:12909–12918
66. Slavík P, Kurka DW, Smith DK (2018) Palladium-scavenging self-assembled hybrid
hydrogels – reusable highly-active green catalysts for Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. Chem Sci 9:8673–8681
67. Storr TE, Firth AG, Wilson K, Darley K, Baumann CG, Fairlamb IJS (2008) Site-selective
direct arylation of unprotected adenine nucleosides mediated by palladium and copper: insights
into the reaction mechanism. Tetrahedron 64:6125–6137
68. Storr TE, Baumann CG, Thatcher RJ, De Ornellas S, Whitwood AC, Fairlamb IJS (2009) Pd(0)/
Cu(I)-mediated direct arylation of 2
0 -deoxyadenosines: mechanistic role of Cu(I) and reactivity
comparisons with related purine nucleosides. J Org Chem 74:5810–5821
69. Tabasso S, Calcio Gaudino E, Rinaldi L, Ledoux A, Larini P, Cravotto G (2017) Microwaveassisted, ligand-free, direct C–H arylation of thiophenes in biomass-derived γ-valerolactone.
New J Chem 41:9210–9215
70. Tang D-TD, Collins KD, Glorius F (2013) Completely regioselective direct C–H
functionalization of Benzo[b]thiophenes using a simple heterogeneous catalyst. J Am Chem
Soc 135:7450–7453
71. Tang D-T, Collins KD, Ernst JB, Glorius F (2014) Pd/C as a catalyst for completely
regioselective C-H functionalization of thiophenes under mild conditions. Angew Chem Int
Ed Engl 53:1809–1813
Pd Nanoparticles in C–H Activation and Cross-coupling Catalysis
203