9 Struvite Crystallization: An Effective Technology …
163
Frascari D, Bronzini F, Giordano G, Tedioli G, Nocentini M (2004) Long-term characterization,
lagoon treatment and migration potential of landfill leachate: a case study in an active Italian
landfill. Chemosphere 54(3):335–343
Gunay A, Karadag D, Tosun I, Öztürk M (2008a) Combining anerobic degradation and chemical
precipitation for the treatment of high strength, strong nitrogenous landfill leachate. Clean Soil
Air Water 36(10–11):887–892
Gunay A, Karadag D, Tosun I, Öztürk M (2008b) Use of magnesit as a magnesium source for
ammonium removal from leachate. J Hazard Mater 156(1–3):619–623
Hao XD, Wang CC, Lan L, van Loosdrecht MCM (2008) Struvite formation, analytical methods
and effects of pH and Ca 2+ . Water Sci Technol 58(8):1687–1692
Hao X, Wang C, van Loosdrecht MCM, Hu Y (2013) Looking beyond struvite for P-recovery.
Environ Sci Technol 47(10):4965–4966
Hilt K, Harrison J, Bowers K, Stevens R, Bary A, Harrison K (2016) Agronomic response of crops
fertilized with struvite derived from dairy manure. Water Air Soil Pollut 227(10):388–401
Huang HM, Xiao XM, Yang LP, Yan B (2011a) Removal of ammonium from rare-earth wastewater using natural brucite as a magnesium source of struvite precipitation. Water Sci Technol
63(3):468–474
Huang H, Xu C, Zhang W (2011b) Removal of nutrients from piggery wastewater using struvite
precipitation and pyrogenation technology. Biores Technol 102(3):2523–2528
Huang H, Song Q, Zhao X, Chen Y, Xu C (2012) Reduction in the cost for ammonia removal by
struvite precipitation technology. Energy Educ Sci Technol Part A: Energy Sci Res 29(1):289–298
Huang H, Xiao D, Zhang Q, Ding L (2014) Removal of ammonia from landfill leachate by struvite
precipitation with the use of low-cost phosphate and magnesium sources. J Environ Manag
145:191–198
Huang H, Huang L, Zhang Q, Jiang Y, Ding L (2015) Chlorination decomposition of struvite
and recycling of its product for the removal of ammonium-nitrogen from landfill leachate.
Chemosphere 136:289–296
Huang H, Liu J, Wang S, Jiang Y, Xiao D, Ding L, Gao F (2016a) Nutrients removal from swine
wastewater by struvite precipitation recycling technology with the use of Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 as active
component. Ecol Eng 92:111–118
Huang H, Liu J, Xu C, Gao F (2016b) Recycling struvite pyrolysate obtained at negative pressure
for ammonia nitrogen removal from landfill leachate. Chem Eng J 284:1204–1211
Jaafarzadeh N, Jorfi S, Kalantary RR, Hashempour Y, Soltani RD (2010) Evaluation of biological
landfill leachate treatment incorporating struvite precipitation and powdered activated carbon
addition. Waste Manag Res 28(8):759–766
Kabda¸ sli I, Tünay O, Öztürk I, Yilmaz Z, Arikan O (2000) Ammonia removal from young landfill
leachate by magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation and air stripping. Water Sci Technol
41(1):237–240
Kabda¸ sli I, ¸
Safak A, Tünay O (2008) Bench-scale evaluation of treatment schemes incorporating
struvite precipitation for young landfill leachate. Waste Manag 28(11):2386–2392
Kamaruddin M, Yusoff M, Aziz H, Basri N (2013) Removal of COD, ammoniacal nitrogen and
colour from stabilized landfill leachate by anaerobic organism. Appl Water Sci 3(2):359–366
Kim D, Kim J, Ryu HD, Lee SI (2009) Effect of mixing on spontaneous struvite precipitation from
semiconductor wastewater. Biores Technol 100(1):74–78
Kochany J, Lipczynska-Kochany E (2009) Utilization of landfill leachate parameters for pretreatment by Fenton reaction and struvite precipitation—a comparative study. J Hazard Mater
166(1):248–254
Lahav O, Telzhensky M, Zewuhn A, Gendel Y, Gerth J, Calmano W, Birnhack L (2013) Struvite recovery from municipal-wastewater sludge centrifuge supernatant using seawater NF
concentrate as a cheap Mg(II) source. Sep Purif Technol 108:103–110
Le Corre KS, Valsami-Jones E, Hobbs P, Parsons SA (2009) Phosphorus recovery from wastewater
by struvite crystallization: a review. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 39(6):433–477
163
Frascari D, Bronzini F, Giordano G, Tedioli G, Nocentini M (2004) Long-term characterization,
lagoon treatment and migration potential of landfill leachate: a case study in an active Italian
landfill. Chemosphere 54(3):335–343
Gunay A, Karadag D, Tosun I, Öztürk M (2008a) Combining anerobic degradation and chemical
precipitation for the treatment of high strength, strong nitrogenous landfill leachate. Clean Soil
Air Water 36(10–11):887–892
Gunay A, Karadag D, Tosun I, Öztürk M (2008b) Use of magnesit as a magnesium source for
ammonium removal from leachate. J Hazard Mater 156(1–3):619–623
Hao XD, Wang CC, Lan L, van Loosdrecht MCM (2008) Struvite formation, analytical methods
and effects of pH and Ca 2+ . Water Sci Technol 58(8):1687–1692
Hao X, Wang C, van Loosdrecht MCM, Hu Y (2013) Looking beyond struvite for P-recovery.
Environ Sci Technol 47(10):4965–4966
Hilt K, Harrison J, Bowers K, Stevens R, Bary A, Harrison K (2016) Agronomic response of crops
fertilized with struvite derived from dairy manure. Water Air Soil Pollut 227(10):388–401
Huang HM, Xiao XM, Yang LP, Yan B (2011a) Removal of ammonium from rare-earth wastewater using natural brucite as a magnesium source of struvite precipitation. Water Sci Technol
63(3):468–474
Huang H, Xu C, Zhang W (2011b) Removal of nutrients from piggery wastewater using struvite
precipitation and pyrogenation technology. Biores Technol 102(3):2523–2528
Huang H, Song Q, Zhao X, Chen Y, Xu C (2012) Reduction in the cost for ammonia removal by
struvite precipitation technology. Energy Educ Sci Technol Part A: Energy Sci Res 29(1):289–298
Huang H, Xiao D, Zhang Q, Ding L (2014) Removal of ammonia from landfill leachate by struvite
precipitation with the use of low-cost phosphate and magnesium sources. J Environ Manag
145:191–198
Huang H, Huang L, Zhang Q, Jiang Y, Ding L (2015) Chlorination decomposition of struvite
and recycling of its product for the removal of ammonium-nitrogen from landfill leachate.
Chemosphere 136:289–296
Huang H, Liu J, Wang S, Jiang Y, Xiao D, Ding L, Gao F (2016a) Nutrients removal from swine
wastewater by struvite precipitation recycling technology with the use of Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 as active
component. Ecol Eng 92:111–118
Huang H, Liu J, Xu C, Gao F (2016b) Recycling struvite pyrolysate obtained at negative pressure
for ammonia nitrogen removal from landfill leachate. Chem Eng J 284:1204–1211
Jaafarzadeh N, Jorfi S, Kalantary RR, Hashempour Y, Soltani RD (2010) Evaluation of biological
landfill leachate treatment incorporating struvite precipitation and powdered activated carbon
addition. Waste Manag Res 28(8):759–766
Kabda¸ sli I, Tünay O, Öztürk I, Yilmaz Z, Arikan O (2000) Ammonia removal from young landfill
leachate by magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation and air stripping. Water Sci Technol
41(1):237–240
Kabda¸ sli I, ¸
Safak A, Tünay O (2008) Bench-scale evaluation of treatment schemes incorporating
struvite precipitation for young landfill leachate. Waste Manag 28(11):2386–2392
Kamaruddin M, Yusoff M, Aziz H, Basri N (2013) Removal of COD, ammoniacal nitrogen and
colour from stabilized landfill leachate by anaerobic organism. Appl Water Sci 3(2):359–366
Kim D, Kim J, Ryu HD, Lee SI (2009) Effect of mixing on spontaneous struvite precipitation from
semiconductor wastewater. Biores Technol 100(1):74–78
Kochany J, Lipczynska-Kochany E (2009) Utilization of landfill leachate parameters for pretreatment by Fenton reaction and struvite precipitation—a comparative study. J Hazard Mater
166(1):248–254
Lahav O, Telzhensky M, Zewuhn A, Gendel Y, Gerth J, Calmano W, Birnhack L (2013) Struvite recovery from municipal-wastewater sludge centrifuge supernatant using seawater NF
concentrate as a cheap Mg(II) source. Sep Purif Technol 108:103–110
Le Corre KS, Valsami-Jones E, Hobbs P, Parsons SA (2009) Phosphorus recovery from wastewater
by struvite crystallization: a review. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 39(6):433–477