604
Marine Recreational Information Program
(MRIP), 571
Marine sediments, 114, 115, 319
Marine snow, 94, 95
definitions, 198
ecological impacts, deep sea, 348
EPS, 198
OSAs/oil-SPM, 202
particles, 198
POM, 198
sediment cores, 349
TEP, 198
Mass balance, 100, 101, 145, 158
Mass spectrometry
FTICR-MS (see Fourier-transform ion
cyclotron resonance-mass
spectrometry (FTICR-MS))
tandem, 260
ultrahigh-resolution, 254, 259, 260, 262
Mass transfer, 77–79
Massive pressure drop, 57
Mean droplet rise velocity, 159, 160
Mechanistic modeling, 53
Megafauna, GOM
anthropogenic noise, 434
bottlenose dolphins, 432
deepwater benthic oil, 453–454
direct harvest, 433
dispersants, 443
DWH oil spill, 440
habitat and environmental degradation, 436
leatherback, 433
loggerheads, 433
oil exposure, 440
population-level effects, oil spills, 437
Meiofauna
abundances, 364
community, 362
DGoMB study, 364
and macrofauna, 368
NC ratio, 365
NGOMCSS study, 364
Mesocosm-scale toxicity, 481
Meteorologists, 21
Methane, 69
Methane oxidation rates, 111
Methane-saturated system, 49
Methanotrophs, 111
Methylotrophs, 111
Microbial community
in deep sea sediments, 115, 116
water column
Bacteroidetes, 111
dispersants, 112
Gammaproteobacteria, 111
hydrocarbon degradation, 112
methanotrophs, 111
methylotrophs, 111
microorganisms, 111
SSU rRNA gene sequence, 112
structure-function relationships, 112
Microbially mediated hydrocarbon
degradation
pure cultures, 119
seawater enrichments, 116–119
sediments, 116–119
Microbiomes, 503, 504
Microdroplets, 92
Microevolutionary processes, 523
MicroRNA (miRNA), 519
Microtox
® system, 367
Minerals Management Service (MMS), 6
Mississippi Canyon, 438, 441
Mitigation measures, 590
Model parameterization, 150
Modified kaolin, 200
Molecular oil composition
petroleum reservoir
accumulation, 27, 28
alteration, 27, 28
asphaltenes, 26
generation, 27, 28
heteroatoms, 26
liquid chromatography, 26
MW, 28–31
source dependence, 27, 28
Monitoring, 286
Montara H1, 91
Montara oil spill, 7
Moody equation, 18
Morton number, 67
MOSSFA (Marine Oil Snow Sedimentation
and Flocculent Accumulation), 113,
286, 537, 539, 542, 544, 547
benthic foraminifera, 292
characteristics, sedimentary inputs,
223–225
components, 223
depositional mechanism, oiled
sedimentation, 238
description, 206
DWH blowout, 248
EPS production, 307
extent, on the seafloor, 225–226
FTICR-MS characterization, 262
modeling, MOS formation,
208–211
MOSSFA Workshop, 206
Index
Marine Recreational Information Program
(MRIP), 571
Marine sediments, 114, 115, 319
Marine snow, 94, 95
definitions, 198
ecological impacts, deep sea, 348
EPS, 198
OSAs/oil-SPM, 202
particles, 198
POM, 198
sediment cores, 349
TEP, 198
Mass balance, 100, 101, 145, 158
Mass spectrometry
FTICR-MS (see Fourier-transform ion
cyclotron resonance-mass
spectrometry (FTICR-MS))
tandem, 260
ultrahigh-resolution, 254, 259, 260, 262
Mass transfer, 77–79
Massive pressure drop, 57
Mean droplet rise velocity, 159, 160
Mechanistic modeling, 53
Megafauna, GOM
anthropogenic noise, 434
bottlenose dolphins, 432
deepwater benthic oil, 453–454
direct harvest, 433
dispersants, 443
DWH oil spill, 440
habitat and environmental degradation, 436
leatherback, 433
loggerheads, 433
oil exposure, 440
population-level effects, oil spills, 437
Meiofauna
abundances, 364
community, 362
DGoMB study, 364
and macrofauna, 368
NC ratio, 365
NGOMCSS study, 364
Mesocosm-scale toxicity, 481
Meteorologists, 21
Methane, 69
Methane oxidation rates, 111
Methane-saturated system, 49
Methanotrophs, 111
Methylotrophs, 111
Microbial community
in deep sea sediments, 115, 116
water column
Bacteroidetes, 111
dispersants, 112
Gammaproteobacteria, 111
hydrocarbon degradation, 112
methanotrophs, 111
methylotrophs, 111
microorganisms, 111
SSU rRNA gene sequence, 112
structure-function relationships, 112
Microbially mediated hydrocarbon
degradation
pure cultures, 119
seawater enrichments, 116–119
sediments, 116–119
Microbiomes, 503, 504
Microdroplets, 92
Microevolutionary processes, 523
MicroRNA (miRNA), 519
Microtox
® system, 367
Minerals Management Service (MMS), 6
Mississippi Canyon, 438, 441
Mitigation measures, 590
Model parameterization, 150
Modified kaolin, 200
Molecular oil composition
petroleum reservoir
accumulation, 27, 28
alteration, 27, 28
asphaltenes, 26
generation, 27, 28
heteroatoms, 26
liquid chromatography, 26
MW, 28–31
source dependence, 27, 28
Monitoring, 286
Montara H1, 91
Montara oil spill, 7
Moody equation, 18
Morton number, 67
MOSSFA (Marine Oil Snow Sedimentation
and Flocculent Accumulation), 113,
286, 537, 539, 542, 544, 547
benthic foraminifera, 292
characteristics, sedimentary inputs,
223–225
components, 223
depositional mechanism, oiled
sedimentation, 238
description, 206
DWH blowout, 248
EPS production, 307
extent, on the seafloor, 225–226
FTICR-MS characterization, 262
modeling, MOS formation,
208–211
MOSSFA Workshop, 206
Index