2014–
2015
between 3-PBA levels and
earlier pubertal
development
Jurewicz
et al., 2016
[27]
Poland
Crosssectional
study
2008–
2011
194 men with normal
semen parameters or with
slight oligospermia
attending a fertility clinic
Spot urine sample (on the day
of semen
sampling)
Urinary metabolites
of pyrethroids
(3-PBA, cisDCCA, transDCCA)
Proportion of Y:X chromosome in sperm
Negative association
between the proportion of
cis-DCCA
to transDCCA, and sperm chromosomal sex ratio
Jurewicz
et al., 2015
[28]
Poland
Crosssectional
study
2008–
2011
286 men with normal
semen parameters or with
slight oligospermia
attending a fertility clinic
Spot urine
sample
Metabolites of
pyrethroids
(3-PBA, cisDCCA, transDCCA, DBCA)
(16.8% DBCA
> LOD)
Sperm chromatin structure
assay
Positive association
between PBA level (>50th
percentile) and the percentage of high DNA
fragmentation index (DFI)
Positive association
between cis-DCCA
level
(>50th percentile) and the
percentage of immature
sperm (high DNA stainability) and of medium
DFI
No association with levels
of trans-DCCA,
DBCA,
and total metabolites
Radwan
et al., 2015
[29]
Poland
Crosssectional
study
2008–
2011
195 men with normal
semen parameters or with
slight oligospermia
attending an infertility
clinic
Single spot
urine sample
(on the day of
semen
sampling)
Metabolites of
pyrethroids
(3-PBA, cisDCCA, transDCCA, DBCA)
(16.8% DBCA
> LOD)
Sperm aneuploidy analysis Levels of cis-DCCA,
trans-DCCA,
and/or
3-PBA associated with
sperm chromosome
disomy of chromosome
18 (3-PBA, cis-DCCA,
!50th percentile), XY
(3-PBA,
!50th percentile
trans-DCCA),
YY
(continued)
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