Table 2
(continued)
Reference
and study
Location
Design
Study dates
Population
sample size
Exposure
assessment
Pyrethroid exposure
analysis
Outcomes of interest
Main pyrethroid
findings
Examination Survey
(NHANES)
2007–2008
Zhang
et al.,
2014
[18]
Japan
Longitudinal birth cohort
study
2009–2011
147 pairs
mother and
their newborn
baby
Spot urine from
the pregnant
women (10–12
weeks)
(on the day of
blood sampling)
3-PBA in urine from
the pregnant women
Neonates: TSH, free T4 in
blood
Pregnant women: TSH, free
T4 and thyroid binding
globulin in serum, urinary
iodine
No association between 3-PBA
levels in maternal urine in the
first
trimester of pregnancy and neonatal
thyroid hormones or with body size
Zhang
et al.,
2013
[19]
Japan
Cross-sectional study
2009–2011
231 pregnant
women (10–
12 weeks)
Spot urine
(on the day of
blood sampling)
3-PBA
TSH, free T4 and thyroid
binding globulin in serum,
urinary iodine
No association with 3-PBA levels
Detection frequencies of DBCA and 4-F-3-PBA
< 7%, associations not analyzed [17]
3-PBA
3-phenoxybenzoic acid, AHS
Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort study
268
A.-M. Saillenfait and S. Malard