Climate Change, Agriculture and Rural Communities’ …
543
Table 4 Farmers average net income per feddan of selected field crops by governorate
Field
crop/governorate
Wheat
Rice
Sugar
beet
Vegetables Onions
and garlic
Clover
Cotton
Damietta
3794.10 2809.42 5408.77 11,735.92
10,221.68
8789.45 2787.79
Daqahlia
4166.96 4027.76 6468.52 9402.27
11,800.77
8303.56 2316.58
Sharkia
4357.75 3573.15 5217.50 9813.11
10,425.42 12,268.06 1966.45
Kafr El-Sheikh
3887.29 3482.24 4959.00 6684.41
16,961.44 16,828.81 2536.96
Source Calculated by the Author based on Capmas [13], Nour El-Din [9], and Smith et al. [7]
Accordingly, Kafr El-Sheikh farmers are to experience the highest net income
loss per feddan. Furthermore, the loss would be greater for large farms that cultivate
vegetables for local and international markets; however more severe for small farmers
that depend on agriculture as the main income source and on the field crops production
to feed their families and livestock.
Impact on Employment (Landowners and Laborers)
The SLR would impact both landowners and laborers. The total number of landowners to be affected in the four governorates is 1572 landowners and their respective
families.
12 The landowners to be affected are determined by dividing the reduced area
by the average landownership per governorate. Thus, in Damietta, 173 landowners
would be affected, in Daqahlia 138 landowners, in Sharkia 99 landowners and 1163
landowners in Kafr El-Sheikh (when accounting for population growth, the number of affected landowners in the four governorates would increase by about 500
landowners: 259 in Damietta, 173 in Daqahlia, 109 in Sharkia and 1550 landowners
in Kafr El-Sheikh, totaling 2090 landowners).
Moreover, the reduction of the cropping area would decrease the number of agricultural working days. In Damietta, about 8240 working days would be lost, 9026
working days in Daqahlia, while in Sharkia 10,280 working days, i.e. a total loss
of 27,550 working days
13 in the Northeast Delta. Furthermore, the permanent loss
of 620 feddan would cause a loss of 1054 direct and indirect jobs in the Northeast
Delta governorates. In Kafr El-Sheikh, the working days would decrease by 89,241
working days,
14 in addition to the loss of 3162 direct and indirect jobs.
12 The average family size in the Nile Delta governorates is 4.12 members per family.
13 Dividing 27,550 working days by 180 days—average working days per agricultural laborer per
year- equals 153, i.e. 153 laborers would lose their jobs.
14 Dividing 89,241 working days by 180 days, equals 500, i.e. 500 laborers would lose their jobs.
543
Table 4 Farmers average net income per feddan of selected field crops by governorate
Field
crop/governorate
Wheat
Rice
Sugar
beet
Vegetables Onions
and garlic
Clover
Cotton
Damietta
3794.10 2809.42 5408.77 11,735.92
10,221.68
8789.45 2787.79
Daqahlia
4166.96 4027.76 6468.52 9402.27
11,800.77
8303.56 2316.58
Sharkia
4357.75 3573.15 5217.50 9813.11
10,425.42 12,268.06 1966.45
Kafr El-Sheikh
3887.29 3482.24 4959.00 6684.41
16,961.44 16,828.81 2536.96
Source Calculated by the Author based on Capmas [13], Nour El-Din [9], and Smith et al. [7]
Accordingly, Kafr El-Sheikh farmers are to experience the highest net income
loss per feddan. Furthermore, the loss would be greater for large farms that cultivate
vegetables for local and international markets; however more severe for small farmers
that depend on agriculture as the main income source and on the field crops production
to feed their families and livestock.
Impact on Employment (Landowners and Laborers)
The SLR would impact both landowners and laborers. The total number of landowners to be affected in the four governorates is 1572 landowners and their respective
families.
12 The landowners to be affected are determined by dividing the reduced area
by the average landownership per governorate. Thus, in Damietta, 173 landowners
would be affected, in Daqahlia 138 landowners, in Sharkia 99 landowners and 1163
landowners in Kafr El-Sheikh (when accounting for population growth, the number of affected landowners in the four governorates would increase by about 500
landowners: 259 in Damietta, 173 in Daqahlia, 109 in Sharkia and 1550 landowners
in Kafr El-Sheikh, totaling 2090 landowners).
Moreover, the reduction of the cropping area would decrease the number of agricultural working days. In Damietta, about 8240 working days would be lost, 9026
working days in Daqahlia, while in Sharkia 10,280 working days, i.e. a total loss
of 27,550 working days
13 in the Northeast Delta. Furthermore, the permanent loss
of 620 feddan would cause a loss of 1054 direct and indirect jobs in the Northeast
Delta governorates. In Kafr El-Sheikh, the working days would decrease by 89,241
working days,
14 in addition to the loss of 3162 direct and indirect jobs.
12 The average family size in the Nile Delta governorates is 4.12 members per family.
13 Dividing 27,550 working days by 180 days—average working days per agricultural laborer per
year- equals 153, i.e. 153 laborers would lose their jobs.
14 Dividing 89,241 working days by 180 days, equals 500, i.e. 500 laborers would lose their jobs.