18. Agunbiade GO, Moodley B (2015) Occurrence and distribution pattern of acidic pharmaceuticals in surface water, wastewater, and sediment of the Msunduzi River, Kwazulu-natal,
South Africa. Environ Toxicol Chem 35:36–46
19. Zhao JL, Ying GG, Liu YS, Chen F, Yang JF, Wang L et al (2010) Occurrence and a screeninglevel risk assessment of human pharmaceuticals in the Pearl River system, South China.
Environ Toxicol Chem 29(6):1377–1384
20. Huang Q, Yu Y, Tang C, Zhang K, Cui J, Peng X (2011) Occurrence and behavior of
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and lipid regulators in wastewater and urban river
water of the Pearl River Delta, South China. J Environ Monitor 13(4):855–863
21. Na TW, Kang TW, Lee KH, Hwang SH, Jung HJ, Kim K (2019) Distribution and ecological
risk of pharmaceuticals in surface water of the Yeongsan river, Republic of Korea. Ecotox
Environ Safe 181:180–186
22. Camacho-Muñoz D, Martín J, Santos JL, Aparicio I, Alonso E (2010) Occurrence, temporal
evolution and risk assessment of pharmaceutically active compounds in Doñana Park (Spain). J
Hazard Mater 183(1-3):602–608
23. Scheurell M, Franke S, Shah RM, Hühnerfuss H (2009) Occurrence of diclofenac and its
metabolites in surface water and effluent samples from Karachi, Pakistan. Chemosphere 77
(6):870–876
24. Velpandian T, Halder N, Nath M, Das U, Moksha L, Gowtham L, Batta SP (2018)
Un-segregated waste disposal: an alarming threat of antimicrobials in surface and ground
water sources in Delhi. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 25(29):29518–29528
25. Madikizela LM, Chimuka L (2017) Occurrence of naproxen, ibuprofen, and diclofenac residues
in wastewater and river water of KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa. Environ Monit
Assess 189(7):348
26. Li Y, Liao Y, Huang Y, Ye Z, Huang X (2019) Dual functional monomers modified magnetic
adsorbent for the enrichment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water and urine
samples. Talanta 201:496–502
27. Bound JP, Voulvoulis N (2006) Predicted and measured concentrations for selected pharmaceuticals in UK rivers: implications for risk assessment. Water Res 40(15):2885–2892
28. Nishi I, Kawakami T, Onodera S (2015) Monitoring the concentrations of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and cyclooxygenase-inhibiting activities in the surface waters of the Tone
Canal and Edo River Basin. J Environ Sci Heal A 50:1108–1115
29. Vystavna Y, Frkova Z, Celle-Jeanton H, Diadin D, Huneau F, Steinmann M et al (2018) Priority
substances and emerging pollutants in urban rivers in Ukraine: occurrence, fluxes and loading to
transboundary European Union watersheds. Sci Total Environ 637:1358–1362
30. Marsik P, Rezek J, Židková M, Kramulová B, Tauchen J, Vaněk T (2017) Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs in the watercourses of Elbe basin in Czech Republic. Chemosphere
171:97–105
31. Sacher F, Ehmann M, Gabriel S, Graf C, Brauch HJ (2008) Pharmaceutical residues in the river
Rhine – results of a one-decade monitoring programme. J Environ Monitor 10(5):664–670
32. Stasinakis AS, Mermigka S, Samaras VG, Farmaki E, Thomaidis NS (2012) Occurrence of
endocrine disrupters and selected pharmaceuticals in Aisonas River (Greece) and environmental
risk assessment using hazard indexes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 19(5):1574–1583
33. Chitescu CL, Kaklamanos G, Icolau AI, Stolker AAM (2015) High sensitive multiresidue
analysis of pharmaceuticals and antifungals in surface water using U-HPLC-Q-Exactive
Orbitrap HRMS. Application to the Danube river basin on the Romanian territory. Sci Total
Environ 532:501–511
34. Lindholm-Lehto PC, Ahkola HSJ, Knuutinen JS, Koistinen J, Lahti K, Vahtera H, Herve SH
(2016) Suitability of passive sampling for the monitoring of pharmaceuticals in Finnish surface
waters. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:18043–18054
35. Patrolecco L, Capri S, Ademollo N (2015) Occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals in the
principal sewage treatment plants in Rome (Italy) and in the receiving surface waters. Environ
Sci Pollut Res 22(8):5864–5876
80
L. I. Castro-Pastrana et al.
South Africa. Environ Toxicol Chem 35:36–46
19. Zhao JL, Ying GG, Liu YS, Chen F, Yang JF, Wang L et al (2010) Occurrence and a screeninglevel risk assessment of human pharmaceuticals in the Pearl River system, South China.
Environ Toxicol Chem 29(6):1377–1384
20. Huang Q, Yu Y, Tang C, Zhang K, Cui J, Peng X (2011) Occurrence and behavior of
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and lipid regulators in wastewater and urban river
water of the Pearl River Delta, South China. J Environ Monitor 13(4):855–863
21. Na TW, Kang TW, Lee KH, Hwang SH, Jung HJ, Kim K (2019) Distribution and ecological
risk of pharmaceuticals in surface water of the Yeongsan river, Republic of Korea. Ecotox
Environ Safe 181:180–186
22. Camacho-Muñoz D, Martín J, Santos JL, Aparicio I, Alonso E (2010) Occurrence, temporal
evolution and risk assessment of pharmaceutically active compounds in Doñana Park (Spain). J
Hazard Mater 183(1-3):602–608
23. Scheurell M, Franke S, Shah RM, Hühnerfuss H (2009) Occurrence of diclofenac and its
metabolites in surface water and effluent samples from Karachi, Pakistan. Chemosphere 77
(6):870–876
24. Velpandian T, Halder N, Nath M, Das U, Moksha L, Gowtham L, Batta SP (2018)
Un-segregated waste disposal: an alarming threat of antimicrobials in surface and ground
water sources in Delhi. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 25(29):29518–29528
25. Madikizela LM, Chimuka L (2017) Occurrence of naproxen, ibuprofen, and diclofenac residues
in wastewater and river water of KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa. Environ Monit
Assess 189(7):348
26. Li Y, Liao Y, Huang Y, Ye Z, Huang X (2019) Dual functional monomers modified magnetic
adsorbent for the enrichment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water and urine
samples. Talanta 201:496–502
27. Bound JP, Voulvoulis N (2006) Predicted and measured concentrations for selected pharmaceuticals in UK rivers: implications for risk assessment. Water Res 40(15):2885–2892
28. Nishi I, Kawakami T, Onodera S (2015) Monitoring the concentrations of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and cyclooxygenase-inhibiting activities in the surface waters of the Tone
Canal and Edo River Basin. J Environ Sci Heal A 50:1108–1115
29. Vystavna Y, Frkova Z, Celle-Jeanton H, Diadin D, Huneau F, Steinmann M et al (2018) Priority
substances and emerging pollutants in urban rivers in Ukraine: occurrence, fluxes and loading to
transboundary European Union watersheds. Sci Total Environ 637:1358–1362
30. Marsik P, Rezek J, Židková M, Kramulová B, Tauchen J, Vaněk T (2017) Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs in the watercourses of Elbe basin in Czech Republic. Chemosphere
171:97–105
31. Sacher F, Ehmann M, Gabriel S, Graf C, Brauch HJ (2008) Pharmaceutical residues in the river
Rhine – results of a one-decade monitoring programme. J Environ Monitor 10(5):664–670
32. Stasinakis AS, Mermigka S, Samaras VG, Farmaki E, Thomaidis NS (2012) Occurrence of
endocrine disrupters and selected pharmaceuticals in Aisonas River (Greece) and environmental
risk assessment using hazard indexes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 19(5):1574–1583
33. Chitescu CL, Kaklamanos G, Icolau AI, Stolker AAM (2015) High sensitive multiresidue
analysis of pharmaceuticals and antifungals in surface water using U-HPLC-Q-Exactive
Orbitrap HRMS. Application to the Danube river basin on the Romanian territory. Sci Total
Environ 532:501–511
34. Lindholm-Lehto PC, Ahkola HSJ, Knuutinen JS, Koistinen J, Lahti K, Vahtera H, Herve SH
(2016) Suitability of passive sampling for the monitoring of pharmaceuticals in Finnish surface
waters. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:18043–18054
35. Patrolecco L, Capri S, Ademollo N (2015) Occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals in the
principal sewage treatment plants in Rome (Italy) and in the receiving surface waters. Environ
Sci Pollut Res 22(8):5864–5876
80
L. I. Castro-Pastrana et al.