31.25 mg/g at pH 5, after 60 min. A multilayer adsorption process was determined
from Freundlich isotherm studies.
Following a similar strategy, Singh et al. prepared a magnetic nanocomposite for
the water removal of ibuprofen [21]. A ferric nitrate solution containing a suspension
of coconut shell was precipitated to iron oxide under alkaline conditions and then
calcinated at 750
C to prepare the magnetic nanocomposite. It exhibited higher
removal capacities than coconut-based activated carbon, with ibuprofen maximum
removal of 60.4% and 14.7%, respectively. A four-factor Box-Behnken experimental design optimization model was designed for maximizing ibuprofen removal from
water at optimum conditions (ibuprofen concentration of 80 mg/L; temperature of
48
C; pH 2.5; and dose of nanocomposite of 0.6 g/L). The model predicted a
maximum removal of 65.8%, which was very close to the experimental value
(65.1%). Furthermore, the nanocomposite was easily separated from the aqueous
phase using an external magnet.
In a different approach, copper nanoparticles synthesized through a green method
were evaluated as nanoadsorbents toward ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac in
wastewater [22]. Metallic copper nanoparticles with diameters in the range from 4.7
to 17.4 nm were obtained by using Tilia aqueous extracts to reduce a CuSO 4 solution
at 90
C under stirring for 30 min. The removal capacities were of 36.0, 33.9, and
33.9 mg/g for diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen, respectively, with a pseudosecond-order kinetic of adsorption, which was spontaneous, endothermic, and physical in nature. The best removal conditions were found to be at 298 K and pH ¼ 4.5,
using 10.0 mg of copper nanoparticles with a contact time of 60 min, with removal
percentages of 74.4%, 86.9%, and 91.4% for diclofenac, naproxen, and ibuprofen,
respectively.
Fig. 3 Schematic representation of the use of magnetic nanocomposites as nanoadsorbents for the
removal of pollutants in wastewater
282
M. Cerro-Lopez et al.
from Freundlich isotherm studies.
Following a similar strategy, Singh et al. prepared a magnetic nanocomposite for
the water removal of ibuprofen [21]. A ferric nitrate solution containing a suspension
of coconut shell was precipitated to iron oxide under alkaline conditions and then
calcinated at 750
C to prepare the magnetic nanocomposite. It exhibited higher
removal capacities than coconut-based activated carbon, with ibuprofen maximum
removal of 60.4% and 14.7%, respectively. A four-factor Box-Behnken experimental design optimization model was designed for maximizing ibuprofen removal from
water at optimum conditions (ibuprofen concentration of 80 mg/L; temperature of
48
C; pH 2.5; and dose of nanocomposite of 0.6 g/L). The model predicted a
maximum removal of 65.8%, which was very close to the experimental value
(65.1%). Furthermore, the nanocomposite was easily separated from the aqueous
phase using an external magnet.
In a different approach, copper nanoparticles synthesized through a green method
were evaluated as nanoadsorbents toward ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac in
wastewater [22]. Metallic copper nanoparticles with diameters in the range from 4.7
to 17.4 nm were obtained by using Tilia aqueous extracts to reduce a CuSO 4 solution
at 90
C under stirring for 30 min. The removal capacities were of 36.0, 33.9, and
33.9 mg/g for diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen, respectively, with a pseudosecond-order kinetic of adsorption, which was spontaneous, endothermic, and physical in nature. The best removal conditions were found to be at 298 K and pH ¼ 4.5,
using 10.0 mg of copper nanoparticles with a contact time of 60 min, with removal
percentages of 74.4%, 86.9%, and 91.4% for diclofenac, naproxen, and ibuprofen,
respectively.
Fig. 3 Schematic representation of the use of magnetic nanocomposites as nanoadsorbents for the
removal of pollutants in wastewater
282
M. Cerro-Lopez et al.