54. Backhaus T, Blanck H, Faust M (2010) Hazard and Risk Assessment of Chemical Mixtures
under REACH. State of art, gaps and options for improvement. Swedish Chemical Agency
(KemI)
55. Backhaus T, Faust M (2012) Predictive environmental risk assessment of chemical mixtures: a
conceptual framework. Environ Sci Technol 46(5):2564–2573
56. Junghans M (2004) Studies on combination effects of environmentally relevant toxicants. PhD
Thesis University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
57. Ra JS, Lee BC, Chang NI, Kim SD (2006) Estimating the combined toxicity by two-step
prediction model on the complicated chemical mixtures from wastewater treatment plant
effluents. Environ Toxicol Chem/SETAC 25(8):2107–2113
58. Mwense M, Wang XZ, Buontempo FV, Horan N, Young A, Osborn D (2004) Prediction of
noninteractive mixture toxicity of organic compounds based on fuzzy set method. J Chem Inf
Comput Sci 44(5):1763–1773
59. Rider CV, LeBlanc GA (2005) An integrated addition and interaction model for assessing
toxicity of chemical mixtures. Toxicol Sci 87(2):520–528
60. Wang B, Yu G, Huang J, Yu Y, Hu H, Wang L (2009) Tiered aquatic ecological risk
assessment of organochlorine pesticides and their mixture in Jiangsu reach of Huaihe River,
China. Environ Monit Assess 157(1-4):29–42
61. Xing L, Sun J, Liu H, Yu H (2012) Combined toxicity of three chlorophenols
2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol to Daphnia magna. J Environ Monit 14(6):1677–1683
62. Altenburger R, Nendza M, Schuurmann G (2003) Mixture toxicity and its modeling by
quantitative structure-activity relationships. Environ Toxicol Chem 22(8):1900–1915
63. Rodea-Palomares I, Petre AL, Boltes K et al (2010) Application of the combination index (CI)isobologram equation to study the toxicological interactions of lipid regulators in two aquatic
bioluminescent organisms. Water Res 44(2):427–438
64. Kar S, Leszczynski J (2019) Exploration of computational approaches to predict the toxicity of
chemical mixtures. Toxics 7(1):15
65. Valerio Jr LG (2009) In silico toxicology for the pharmaceutical sciences. Toxicol Appl
Pharmacol 241(3):356–370
66. Kwok KW, Souissi S, Dur G, Won EJ, Lee JS (2015) Copepods as reference species in
estuarine and marine waters. In: Amiard-Triquet C, Amiard JC, Mouneyrac C (eds) Aquatic
ecotoxicology: advancing tools for dealing with emerging risks. Academic Press, London, pp
281–309
67. Raisuddin S, Kwok KW, Leung KM, Schlenk D, Lee JS (2007) The copepod Tigriopus: a
promising marine model organism for ecotoxicology and environmental genomics. Aquat
Toxicol 83(3):161–173
68. Bechmann RK (1999) Effects of the endocrine disrupter nonylphenol on the marine copepod
Tisbe battagliai. Sci Total Environ 233:33–46
69. Hutchinson TH, Pounds NA, Hampel M, Williams TD (1999a) Impact of natural and synthetic
steroids on the survival, development and reproduction of marine copepods (Tisbe battagliai).
Sci Total Environ 233:167–179
70. Hutchinson TH, Pounds NA, Hampel M, Williams TD (1999b) Life-cycle studies with marine
copepods (Tisbe battagliai) exposed to 20-hydroxyecdysone and diethylstilbestrol. Environ
Toxicol Chem 18(12):2914–2920
71. Thomas KV, Barnard N, Collins K, Eggleton J (2003) Toxicity characterization of sediment
porewaters collected from UK estuaries using a Tisbe battagliai bioassay. Chemosphere
53:1105–1111
72. UK EA (UK Enviornmnet Agency) (2007) The direct toxicity assessment of aqueous environment al samples using the marine copepod Tisbe battagliai lethality test
73. Fent K, Weston AA, Caminada D (2006) Ecotoxicology of human pharmaceuticals. Aquat
Toxicol 76:122–159
Ibuprofen and Diclofenac: Effects on Freshwater and Marine Aquatic Organisms –. . .
187
under REACH. State of art, gaps and options for improvement. Swedish Chemical Agency
(KemI)
55. Backhaus T, Faust M (2012) Predictive environmental risk assessment of chemical mixtures: a
conceptual framework. Environ Sci Technol 46(5):2564–2573
56. Junghans M (2004) Studies on combination effects of environmentally relevant toxicants. PhD
Thesis University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
57. Ra JS, Lee BC, Chang NI, Kim SD (2006) Estimating the combined toxicity by two-step
prediction model on the complicated chemical mixtures from wastewater treatment plant
effluents. Environ Toxicol Chem/SETAC 25(8):2107–2113
58. Mwense M, Wang XZ, Buontempo FV, Horan N, Young A, Osborn D (2004) Prediction of
noninteractive mixture toxicity of organic compounds based on fuzzy set method. J Chem Inf
Comput Sci 44(5):1763–1773
59. Rider CV, LeBlanc GA (2005) An integrated addition and interaction model for assessing
toxicity of chemical mixtures. Toxicol Sci 87(2):520–528
60. Wang B, Yu G, Huang J, Yu Y, Hu H, Wang L (2009) Tiered aquatic ecological risk
assessment of organochlorine pesticides and their mixture in Jiangsu reach of Huaihe River,
China. Environ Monit Assess 157(1-4):29–42
61. Xing L, Sun J, Liu H, Yu H (2012) Combined toxicity of three chlorophenols
2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol to Daphnia magna. J Environ Monit 14(6):1677–1683
62. Altenburger R, Nendza M, Schuurmann G (2003) Mixture toxicity and its modeling by
quantitative structure-activity relationships. Environ Toxicol Chem 22(8):1900–1915
63. Rodea-Palomares I, Petre AL, Boltes K et al (2010) Application of the combination index (CI)isobologram equation to study the toxicological interactions of lipid regulators in two aquatic
bioluminescent organisms. Water Res 44(2):427–438
64. Kar S, Leszczynski J (2019) Exploration of computational approaches to predict the toxicity of
chemical mixtures. Toxics 7(1):15
65. Valerio Jr LG (2009) In silico toxicology for the pharmaceutical sciences. Toxicol Appl
Pharmacol 241(3):356–370
66. Kwok KW, Souissi S, Dur G, Won EJ, Lee JS (2015) Copepods as reference species in
estuarine and marine waters. In: Amiard-Triquet C, Amiard JC, Mouneyrac C (eds) Aquatic
ecotoxicology: advancing tools for dealing with emerging risks. Academic Press, London, pp
281–309
67. Raisuddin S, Kwok KW, Leung KM, Schlenk D, Lee JS (2007) The copepod Tigriopus: a
promising marine model organism for ecotoxicology and environmental genomics. Aquat
Toxicol 83(3):161–173
68. Bechmann RK (1999) Effects of the endocrine disrupter nonylphenol on the marine copepod
Tisbe battagliai. Sci Total Environ 233:33–46
69. Hutchinson TH, Pounds NA, Hampel M, Williams TD (1999a) Impact of natural and synthetic
steroids on the survival, development and reproduction of marine copepods (Tisbe battagliai).
Sci Total Environ 233:167–179
70. Hutchinson TH, Pounds NA, Hampel M, Williams TD (1999b) Life-cycle studies with marine
copepods (Tisbe battagliai) exposed to 20-hydroxyecdysone and diethylstilbestrol. Environ
Toxicol Chem 18(12):2914–2920
71. Thomas KV, Barnard N, Collins K, Eggleton J (2003) Toxicity characterization of sediment
porewaters collected from UK estuaries using a Tisbe battagliai bioassay. Chemosphere
53:1105–1111
72. UK EA (UK Enviornmnet Agency) (2007) The direct toxicity assessment of aqueous environment al samples using the marine copepod Tisbe battagliai lethality test
73. Fent K, Weston AA, Caminada D (2006) Ecotoxicology of human pharmaceuticals. Aquat
Toxicol 76:122–159
Ibuprofen and Diclofenac: Effects on Freshwater and Marine Aquatic Organisms –. . .
187