balance, MFC is between CAS and AD, while in terms of treatment efficiency and
sludge, production is closer to AD.
2.8.4.3 Recent Advances of MFC for Wastewater Treatment
MFCs was operated by US government (Space program) as a suitable technology for
both space flights and also power generation in 1966 (Bullen et al. 2006). Furthermore, recent developments (Du et al. 2007), practical implementation (Pham et al.
2009), anode performance (Li et al. 2011), cathodic limitations (Rismani-Yazdi et al.
2008), and types and substrate composition (Pant et al. 2010) in MFCs have been
reviewed over the past decades. As stated earlier, MFCs were used for power
generation and treatment of wastewater simultaneously (Oh and Logan 2005).
Specific new improvements in MFC technology including their application as
MEC, using both increased external potential at cathode and anoxic cathode, have
been triggered (Oh and Logan 2005).
3 Case Studies
The MFC has nominated as a promising and green progress technology for WWT
and electrical energy generation simultaneously (Zou et al. 2008). For example, Lei
et al. (Li et al. 2008) constructed a DC-MFC for loses of Cr
6+ from actual
electroplating wastewater through reduction of Cr
6+ to Cr
3+ in the cathodic chamber.
The reactor involved plain carbon felt and graphite paper as anode and cathode,
respectively. As shown in Fig. 9.3, removing of chromium ions on the surface of
cathode by using proposed DC-MFC has produced maximum power density of
1600 mW/m
2 and a current density of about 0.4 mA/m
2 . Hence, the obtained
performance by MFC was higher than the other researches in WWT by MFC.
In other research work, Logan et al. (Liu et al. 2004) fabricated prototype
SC-MFC for local WWT which is accompanied by electrical power production
(26 mW/m
2 ). Their fabricated SC-MFCs have had the ability of removing at least
80% of the COD of the domestic wastewater.
In a study carried out by our research group (Izadi and Rahimnejad 2013), a
DC-MFC system was fabricated for eliminating various concentrations of S
2À ions
(0.1, 0.8, and 1.5 g/L) and bioelectricity production. These results revealed that
during the MFC operation for 72 h, 98% of the S
2À ions were approximately
removed from the anodic chamber of MFC. Also, by the experimental results, the
maximum value of power (48.65 mW/m
2 ) at maximum current (231.47 mA/m
2 ) was
obtained for the DC-MFC system in the steady-state condition.
230
M. Rahimnejad et al.
sludge, production is closer to AD.
2.8.4.3 Recent Advances of MFC for Wastewater Treatment
MFCs was operated by US government (Space program) as a suitable technology for
both space flights and also power generation in 1966 (Bullen et al. 2006). Furthermore, recent developments (Du et al. 2007), practical implementation (Pham et al.
2009), anode performance (Li et al. 2011), cathodic limitations (Rismani-Yazdi et al.
2008), and types and substrate composition (Pant et al. 2010) in MFCs have been
reviewed over the past decades. As stated earlier, MFCs were used for power
generation and treatment of wastewater simultaneously (Oh and Logan 2005).
Specific new improvements in MFC technology including their application as
MEC, using both increased external potential at cathode and anoxic cathode, have
been triggered (Oh and Logan 2005).
3 Case Studies
The MFC has nominated as a promising and green progress technology for WWT
and electrical energy generation simultaneously (Zou et al. 2008). For example, Lei
et al. (Li et al. 2008) constructed a DC-MFC for loses of Cr
6+ from actual
electroplating wastewater through reduction of Cr
6+ to Cr
3+ in the cathodic chamber.
The reactor involved plain carbon felt and graphite paper as anode and cathode,
respectively. As shown in Fig. 9.3, removing of chromium ions on the surface of
cathode by using proposed DC-MFC has produced maximum power density of
1600 mW/m
2 and a current density of about 0.4 mA/m
2 . Hence, the obtained
performance by MFC was higher than the other researches in WWT by MFC.
In other research work, Logan et al. (Liu et al. 2004) fabricated prototype
SC-MFC for local WWT which is accompanied by electrical power production
(26 mW/m
2 ). Their fabricated SC-MFCs have had the ability of removing at least
80% of the COD of the domestic wastewater.
In a study carried out by our research group (Izadi and Rahimnejad 2013), a
DC-MFC system was fabricated for eliminating various concentrations of S
2À ions
(0.1, 0.8, and 1.5 g/L) and bioelectricity production. These results revealed that
during the MFC operation for 72 h, 98% of the S
2À ions were approximately
removed from the anodic chamber of MFC. Also, by the experimental results, the
maximum value of power (48.65 mW/m
2 ) at maximum current (231.47 mA/m
2 ) was
obtained for the DC-MFC system in the steady-state condition.
230
M. Rahimnejad et al.