The palladium metal-decorated SWNT were able to detect 50 ppm hydrogen
sulfide in the air (Star et al. 2006). Thin films composed of gold nanoparticles
dispersed inside a mixed oxide matrix of titanium dioxide–nickel oxide were used
as hydrogen sulfide optical sensors for the absorption of gold-localized surface
plasmon resonance by gas exposure (Gaspera et al. 2010). As shown in Fig. 10.29,
the sensor was found to have linear response within the concentration range and no
interference during simultaneous exposure to carbon monoxide or hydrogen
(Gaspera et al. 2010). The single-mode fiber of zinc oxide nanoparticles embedded
with poly-methyl-methacrylate matrix composite was found to have changed optical
properties by swelling of the polymer matrix during the sensing of hydrogen sulfide
at room temperature from 1 ppm to 5 ppm (Kitture et al. 2017).
10.5.10 Others
The SWCNT on an interdigitated electrode have been used for sensing various
pollutant gases, and the selectivity to chlorine and hydrochloric acid vapor was
demonstrated by coating the SWNT with polymers such as chlorosulfonated polyethylene and hydroxypropyl cellulose (Li et al. 2006b). Thin films of polyaniline
nanofibers were found to have sensing performance to vapors of hydrochloric acid
and ammonia base with better sensitivity as well as response time than that of the
bulk polyaniline film (Huang et al. 2003). The single nanowires of zinc oxide,
titanium dioxide, and tungsten 2.72 mole oxide were found to be responsive for
the sensing of hydrogen (Rout et al. 2007). In this study it was also reported that the
tungsten 2.72 mole oxide nanowire exhibited the highest sensitivity of 22 for
1000 ppm at 298 K. The selective sensing properties toward formaldehyde with
1,02
1,00
0,98
0,96
0,94
0,92
0,90
0,88
0,86
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Time (min)
Abs/Abs
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
10ppm
10ppm
100ppm
H 2 S
H 2 S
H 2 S
Fig. 10.29 Sensing of hydrogen sulfide by gold–titanium dioxide–nickel oxide nanocomposite.
(Reprinted with permission of American Chemical Society from Gaspera et al. 2010)
390
P. Kar
sulfide in the air (Star et al. 2006). Thin films composed of gold nanoparticles
dispersed inside a mixed oxide matrix of titanium dioxide–nickel oxide were used
as hydrogen sulfide optical sensors for the absorption of gold-localized surface
plasmon resonance by gas exposure (Gaspera et al. 2010). As shown in Fig. 10.29,
the sensor was found to have linear response within the concentration range and no
interference during simultaneous exposure to carbon monoxide or hydrogen
(Gaspera et al. 2010). The single-mode fiber of zinc oxide nanoparticles embedded
with poly-methyl-methacrylate matrix composite was found to have changed optical
properties by swelling of the polymer matrix during the sensing of hydrogen sulfide
at room temperature from 1 ppm to 5 ppm (Kitture et al. 2017).
10.5.10 Others
The SWCNT on an interdigitated electrode have been used for sensing various
pollutant gases, and the selectivity to chlorine and hydrochloric acid vapor was
demonstrated by coating the SWNT with polymers such as chlorosulfonated polyethylene and hydroxypropyl cellulose (Li et al. 2006b). Thin films of polyaniline
nanofibers were found to have sensing performance to vapors of hydrochloric acid
and ammonia base with better sensitivity as well as response time than that of the
bulk polyaniline film (Huang et al. 2003). The single nanowires of zinc oxide,
titanium dioxide, and tungsten 2.72 mole oxide were found to be responsive for
the sensing of hydrogen (Rout et al. 2007). In this study it was also reported that the
tungsten 2.72 mole oxide nanowire exhibited the highest sensitivity of 22 for
1000 ppm at 298 K. The selective sensing properties toward formaldehyde with
1,02
1,00
0,98
0,96
0,94
0,92
0,90
0,88
0,86
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Time (min)
Abs/Abs
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
10ppm
10ppm
100ppm
H 2 S
H 2 S
H 2 S
Fig. 10.29 Sensing of hydrogen sulfide by gold–titanium dioxide–nickel oxide nanocomposite.
(Reprinted with permission of American Chemical Society from Gaspera et al. 2010)
390
P. Kar