16 Water Resources from Apuseni Mountains …
545
16.2.4 Hydrographic Component
The hydrographic analysis was done on three types of water structures: the underground environment, rivers and lakes.
16.2.4.1 The Hydrogeological Component
Of the Apuseni Mountains is determined by a varied petrographical context, with contradictory alternations, defined by the impermeability of some mountainous masses
(Muntele Mare, Vl˘ adeasa, Gil˘ au) or rapid drainage in the context of extensive karst
areas (Padi¸ s Plateau—Bihor Mountains, Trasc˘ au Mountains, P˘ adurea Craiului Mountains).
The presence of quite extensive endoreal areas further complicates water drainage
at the local level.
However, the mineral and thermal springs have a poor distribution, compared with
the area of the Eastern Carpathians and are spread mainly around the eruption mofetic
region of S˘ ac˘ arâmb—Deva, within a territory with deep volcanic intrusions, or in
the western part of the region (mesothermal waters from Va¸ ta de Jos and Moneasa).
Some are valued for spa cures (the baleno-climaterical resort of Geoagiu-B˘ ai,
Moneasa, Va¸ ta de Jos), others by bottling the water from springs (Izvorul Minunilor/Wonders Spring—Stâna de Vale, Apa Cezara—B˘ acâia, Aquavia—S˘ acuieu),
while hot water in Beiu¸ s depression are intercepted by drilling and are used for heatig
houses purposes [21].
In the northern part of the mountain group, there are some ferruginous springs
located in P˘ adurea Neagr˘ a and Mese¸ senii de Sus settlements.
Underground water bodies in the Apuseni Mountains were identified by consulting
the Management Plans of Major River Basins, taking into account only aquifers with
importance for water utility system and exploitable discharge values higher than
10 m
3 /day (Fig. 16.11).
The studied area includes eight inventoried bodies of underground water, most of
them are trans-basinal:
– one waterbody on the basins of Some¸ sul Mic, Arie¸ s and Cri¸ sul Negru identified
in the national inventory with the following code: ROSO04—Bihor Mountains—
Vl˘ adeasa;
– one in the Mure¸ s basin ROMU06—Br˘ ade¸ sti—Trasc˘ au Mountains and another two
common with the Cri¸ sul Alb Basin ROMU09—Poieni—Metaliferi Mountains and
ROMU10—Abrud—Metaliferi Mountains);
– one underground water body belongs to the Cri¸ sul Negru basin—ROCR03
Dumbravi¸ ta de Codru—Moneasa, Codru Moma Mountains, two are common to
Cri¸ sul Negru, and Cri¸ sul Alb basin—ROCR04 Cl˘ aptescu, Codru-Moma Mountains, ROCR05 Va¸ sc˘ au, Codru-Moma Mountains, and one belongs to basins of
Cri¸ sul Negru and Cri¸ sul Repede—ROCR02 Zece Hotare, P˘ adurea Craiului Mountains.
545
16.2.4 Hydrographic Component
The hydrographic analysis was done on three types of water structures: the underground environment, rivers and lakes.
16.2.4.1 The Hydrogeological Component
Of the Apuseni Mountains is determined by a varied petrographical context, with contradictory alternations, defined by the impermeability of some mountainous masses
(Muntele Mare, Vl˘ adeasa, Gil˘ au) or rapid drainage in the context of extensive karst
areas (Padi¸ s Plateau—Bihor Mountains, Trasc˘ au Mountains, P˘ adurea Craiului Mountains).
The presence of quite extensive endoreal areas further complicates water drainage
at the local level.
However, the mineral and thermal springs have a poor distribution, compared with
the area of the Eastern Carpathians and are spread mainly around the eruption mofetic
region of S˘ ac˘ arâmb—Deva, within a territory with deep volcanic intrusions, or in
the western part of the region (mesothermal waters from Va¸ ta de Jos and Moneasa).
Some are valued for spa cures (the baleno-climaterical resort of Geoagiu-B˘ ai,
Moneasa, Va¸ ta de Jos), others by bottling the water from springs (Izvorul Minunilor/Wonders Spring—Stâna de Vale, Apa Cezara—B˘ acâia, Aquavia—S˘ acuieu),
while hot water in Beiu¸ s depression are intercepted by drilling and are used for heatig
houses purposes [21].
In the northern part of the mountain group, there are some ferruginous springs
located in P˘ adurea Neagr˘ a and Mese¸ senii de Sus settlements.
Underground water bodies in the Apuseni Mountains were identified by consulting
the Management Plans of Major River Basins, taking into account only aquifers with
importance for water utility system and exploitable discharge values higher than
10 m
3 /day (Fig. 16.11).
The studied area includes eight inventoried bodies of underground water, most of
them are trans-basinal:
– one waterbody on the basins of Some¸ sul Mic, Arie¸ s and Cri¸ sul Negru identified
in the national inventory with the following code: ROSO04—Bihor Mountains—
Vl˘ adeasa;
– one in the Mure¸ s basin ROMU06—Br˘ ade¸ sti—Trasc˘ au Mountains and another two
common with the Cri¸ sul Alb Basin ROMU09—Poieni—Metaliferi Mountains and
ROMU10—Abrud—Metaliferi Mountains);
– one underground water body belongs to the Cri¸ sul Negru basin—ROCR03
Dumbravi¸ ta de Codru—Moneasa, Codru Moma Mountains, two are common to
Cri¸ sul Negru, and Cri¸ sul Alb basin—ROCR04 Cl˘ aptescu, Codru-Moma Mountains, ROCR05 Va¸ sc˘ au, Codru-Moma Mountains, and one belongs to basins of
Cri¸ sul Negru and Cri¸ sul Repede—ROCR02 Zece Hotare, P˘ adurea Craiului Mountains.