4 Management of Surfaces Water Resources—Ecological Status …
153
In the upper hydrographic basin of the Mures , River, the water composition is influenced by the anthropic factor through its various activities. Such activities include
extraction of the underground resources (ores, salt, mineral waters, etc.), chemical crops farming, animal farms, technological processes resulting in waste water,
domestic water evacuation of households, etc.
However, the most significant changes in water quality in the Mures , Superior
Basin are produced by the chemical industry, the wood processing industry, the
food industry, the construction materials industry, the urban, rural and agricultural
localities [50, 51].
4.4.2 Water Contamination Indicators of Water Pollution
of the Upper Mures , River Basin (2015–2017)
The Water Quality Laboratories in Tîrgu Mures , , as well as the subordinated laboratories (belonging to Water Management Systems—S.G.A.—Alba, Hunedoara
and Arad) carry out quality analyses for the water in the Mure¸ s Hydrological Basin,
according to the provisions of the Operations Manual of the Monitoring System. Laboratories collect, preserve, sample, sub-sample and analyze samples from a physicochemical and biological point of view, according to SR EN ISO/CEI 17025: 2005.
For the three sections mentioned at point 4.4.1, the indicators/parameters are
analyzed in Table 4.4 and correspond to Annex 5 of the WFD (Water Framework
Directive).
In terms of biological elements, the phytoplankton and the macro-invertebrates
were studied.
4.4.2.1 Mineralization and Chemical Composition of River Water
in the Upper Basin of Mures ,
Mineralization and chemical composition of river water in the Mures , Upper Basin
has been addressed in some general studies and studies [43]. The springs and rivers,
which originate in meteoric water, have the chemical composition determined by the
nature of the rocks with which they come in contact. Mountain springs generally have
a low salt content (less than 50 mg/l). However, the variation of water mineralization
is closely related to other factors: variation in water flows, type of water supply, waste
water spills, precipitation and temperature.
There are authors who, through studies conducted in the Mure¸ s basin, assert that
the multi-annual average values of mineralization generally increase from source to
sea. Moreover, in the sector belonging to the mountainous area, the waters of the
Mure¸ s River have reduced mineralization, slightly exceeding 100 mg/l [45, 52]. The
indicators belonging to the Salinity indicator group determined during the three years
153
In the upper hydrographic basin of the Mures , River, the water composition is influenced by the anthropic factor through its various activities. Such activities include
extraction of the underground resources (ores, salt, mineral waters, etc.), chemical crops farming, animal farms, technological processes resulting in waste water,
domestic water evacuation of households, etc.
However, the most significant changes in water quality in the Mures , Superior
Basin are produced by the chemical industry, the wood processing industry, the
food industry, the construction materials industry, the urban, rural and agricultural
localities [50, 51].
4.4.2 Water Contamination Indicators of Water Pollution
of the Upper Mures , River Basin (2015–2017)
The Water Quality Laboratories in Tîrgu Mures , , as well as the subordinated laboratories (belonging to Water Management Systems—S.G.A.—Alba, Hunedoara
and Arad) carry out quality analyses for the water in the Mure¸ s Hydrological Basin,
according to the provisions of the Operations Manual of the Monitoring System. Laboratories collect, preserve, sample, sub-sample and analyze samples from a physicochemical and biological point of view, according to SR EN ISO/CEI 17025: 2005.
For the three sections mentioned at point 4.4.1, the indicators/parameters are
analyzed in Table 4.4 and correspond to Annex 5 of the WFD (Water Framework
Directive).
In terms of biological elements, the phytoplankton and the macro-invertebrates
were studied.
4.4.2.1 Mineralization and Chemical Composition of River Water
in the Upper Basin of Mures ,
Mineralization and chemical composition of river water in the Mures , Upper Basin
has been addressed in some general studies and studies [43]. The springs and rivers,
which originate in meteoric water, have the chemical composition determined by the
nature of the rocks with which they come in contact. Mountain springs generally have
a low salt content (less than 50 mg/l). However, the variation of water mineralization
is closely related to other factors: variation in water flows, type of water supply, waste
water spills, precipitation and temperature.
There are authors who, through studies conducted in the Mure¸ s basin, assert that
the multi-annual average values of mineralization generally increase from source to
sea. Moreover, in the sector belonging to the mountainous area, the waters of the
Mure¸ s River have reduced mineralization, slightly exceeding 100 mg/l [45, 52]. The
indicators belonging to the Salinity indicator group determined during the three years