3 Causes and Effects of Water Pollution in Romania
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Fig. 3.44 Romanian groundwater chemical status
The environmental objectives for the surface and groundwaters—in conformity
with the Framework Directive for Water 2000/60 of the European Union—have been
achieved almost integrally. According to the WISE 2018 database, in Romania, 66%
of water bodies have a good or high status, 31% are exceptions and only 3% cannot
be classified. This situation highlights the demand to improve the implementation of
environmental policies aimed at protecting water and expanding synergies between
them. The point sources of pollution—belonging to old industrial units from the
Communist period or to new and small ones—bring significant damage to the small
streams.
Economic domains with the most significant contributions to the potential for
chemical pollution of wastewater (in descending order) are: (i) water capture and
processing for the supply of the population; (ii) chemical processing; (iii) industries
producing electricity or heat; (iv) extractive industry.