190
A. Khatoon
(d) Disposal of Waste
For the organic waste management at household level, people were seen to practise various options ranging from composting, open dumping, and open burning. Those who practise composting, use various composting techniques including
vermicomposting, pit composting, and pile composting.
Similarly, the non-biodegradable HH wastes were managed using three main
options (a) selling the recyclable materials, (b) open dumping, and (c) open burning.
While it is encouraging to see that a few people realize the monetary value of the
recyclable items, by selling it to itinerant buyers/scrap collector, but majority still
engage in open burning and dumping of their waste on road or drain.
3.1.2 Institutional and Commercial Waste Stream
(a) Generation of Waste
Based on the survey with 80 institutions, the daily waste generation was found to be
4.41 kg from lower to higher secondary school/college, 2.8 kg from offices, banks,
NGO, government offices, and 6.1 kg from small-scale hospital and clinics with the
exception of Bir Hospital in Kathmandu. As compared with the average HH waste
generation of 0.87 kg in a day, an institution’s average waste generation in a day was
almost four times higher, i.e., 3.85 kg/day.
(b) Collection of Waste
Commercial waste
The frequency of waste collection is daily for 48% of commercial outlets. While
municipality collects waste generated once a week and twice a week for 21% of
commercial outlets each.
Institutional Waste
As for institutional waste, about 39% of respondents claimed that municipality daily
is collecting the waste. While 31% of surveyed institutional facility cited that waste
is being collected twice a week.
(c) Composition of Waste
The top three components in the institutional waste were paper and paper products
(37%), organic fraction (26%), and plastic (18%). Looking at the waste composition
analysis, a conventional estimates show that 61% of the institutional waste has a
potential to be recycled (paper and paper products-37%, plastic-18%, glass-4%, and
metal-2%).
Composition of institutional waste is presented in Fig. 2.
A. Khatoon
(d) Disposal of Waste
For the organic waste management at household level, people were seen to practise various options ranging from composting, open dumping, and open burning. Those who practise composting, use various composting techniques including
vermicomposting, pit composting, and pile composting.
Similarly, the non-biodegradable HH wastes were managed using three main
options (a) selling the recyclable materials, (b) open dumping, and (c) open burning.
While it is encouraging to see that a few people realize the monetary value of the
recyclable items, by selling it to itinerant buyers/scrap collector, but majority still
engage in open burning and dumping of their waste on road or drain.
3.1.2 Institutional and Commercial Waste Stream
(a) Generation of Waste
Based on the survey with 80 institutions, the daily waste generation was found to be
4.41 kg from lower to higher secondary school/college, 2.8 kg from offices, banks,
NGO, government offices, and 6.1 kg from small-scale hospital and clinics with the
exception of Bir Hospital in Kathmandu. As compared with the average HH waste
generation of 0.87 kg in a day, an institution’s average waste generation in a day was
almost four times higher, i.e., 3.85 kg/day.
(b) Collection of Waste
Commercial waste
The frequency of waste collection is daily for 48% of commercial outlets. While
municipality collects waste generated once a week and twice a week for 21% of
commercial outlets each.
Institutional Waste
As for institutional waste, about 39% of respondents claimed that municipality daily
is collecting the waste. While 31% of surveyed institutional facility cited that waste
is being collected twice a week.
(c) Composition of Waste
The top three components in the institutional waste were paper and paper products
(37%), organic fraction (26%), and plastic (18%). Looking at the waste composition
analysis, a conventional estimates show that 61% of the institutional waste has a
potential to be recycled (paper and paper products-37%, plastic-18%, glass-4%, and
metal-2%).
Composition of institutional waste is presented in Fig. 2.