67
4
Unsaturated fatty acids can also be dimerized
to dimer fatty acids or lead to completely new
unsaturated carbon chains by self-metathesis or
cross-metathesis with alkenes. The individual
reaction types are described in more detail
below.
functionalization results in bifunctional compounds, e.g. when oleic acid is used, hydroxylor aminocarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acids
are obtained. Such bifunctional compounds
are of interest for a number of subsequent
reactions, e.g. for the synthesis of polymers.
. Fig. 4.7 Examples
for C–C bond formation
of unsaturated fatty
compounds (the molecules
are schematically drawn
as lines)
X
+ CO/H 2
+ HNR 2
X
NR 2
Hydroaminomethylation
X
COOH
Hydroxycarbonylation
+ CO/H 2 O
X
COOR
Alkoxycarbonylation
CO/ROH
X
CHO
Hydroformylation
X
+ H 2
Hydrogenation
+ CO/H 2
Cross -
metathesis
+ C=C
X
+
Self -
metathesis
X
X
+
X
X
OH
Dimerization
4.2 · Reactions at the C = C Double Bond of Unsaturated Oleochemicals