388
Index
Ovalbumin 261
Overfunctionalized 12
Overman, Eugene 286
Oxidation 57, 104, 119, 122, 139, 140
– of glycerol 104
– of monosaccharides 122
– of starch 173, 175
Oxidized starch products 173
Oxidizing agents 173
Oxiranes 50, 63
4-Oxopentanoic acid 121
Oxygen 62
Ozonides 66
Ozonizer 66
Ozonolysis 66, 85
– of oleic acid 66
P
Packaging 70
– materials 118
– papers 150
Packed columns 48
Pain therapy 286
Paint industry 29
Paints 25–28, 97
Palaquium oblongifolium 238
Palatinose 136
Pale crepe 241
Palm kernel oil, production of 31
Palladium 106, 123, 134
– catalysts 69
– colloids 83
– complex 104
– nanocatalysts, for hydrogenation 83
– /rhenium 47
Palmae 21
Palm fruit
– cross-section 24
– seeds of 24
Palmitic acid 18, 19, 24, 28, 29
Palmitodiolein 97
Palm kernel oil 21, 24, 43, 51
– composition 21
Palm oil 19, 20, 23, 24, 76, 304
– composition 21
– prices of 31
– production of 31, 32
Palms 21
p-Aminobenzoic acid 299
Pantolactone 298
Pantothenic acid 298, 305
– formula 298
Papaverine 285
Papaver somniferum 285
Paper 146, 150, 158
– coatings 150, 261
– deinking 150
– fillers 150
– finishing 150
– handmade 150
– industries 168, 172
– machine 150
– manufacture 150
– mills 150
– production 150, 158
– production, continuous 151
– pulp 150
– recycling 150
– graphical 150
– sizes 151
– worldwide production 150
Papyrus
– Ebers 278
– plant 150
Parabens 52
para-Cymene 223, 225
para-Menthane skeleton 224
Parkes, Alexander 244
Parkinson’s disease 258
Parsley seeds 20
Partially fermented starch plastics 329
Partially hydrolysed starches 168
Pasture grass 348
Pasyryk carpet 266
Payen, Anselme 116, 145
PBS, see polybutylene succinate
PBT, see polybutylene terephthalate
Pea 163
Peanut oil 19, 31
– composition 21
Pears 228
Peas 137, 298
Pectins 138, 139, 144, 262
Pelargonic acid 65
– from oleic acid 65
Pellagra desease 298
Pelletier 284
Penicillins 259, 263, 286, 292
– total syntheses 288
Penicillium
– chrysogenum 286
– notatum 286
Pentadecanoic acid 19
1,5-Pentamethylene diamine 337
Pentanediol (PDO) 122
Pentoses 114, 148
Pentoses, dehydration of 123
Peppermint 224
– oil 315
Peptides 259, 263
Peptizers 243
Peracetic acid 63
Peracid 63
Perbenzoic acid 63
Perfluoro fatty acids 62
Performic acid 63, 64
Perfume 72, 310
– capital 311
– production 320
Perfumes, in shampoos 52
Periodate 136, 174
Periodic acid 174
Permitted daily intake 259
Peroxy fatty acids 63
Personal care products 41
Petals 319
Petrochemicals 6
Petroleum ether 318
Petroselinic acid 20
PGE, see polyglycerol esters
Pharmaceutical
– formulations 93
– oils 55
Pharmaceuticals 97, 118, 330
– natural 277, 278
Phase-I-biorefineries 345, 355
Phase-II-biorefinery 345
Phase-III-biorefinery 345
Phase separation 42
Phase-transfer catalysis, with cyclodextrins 196
Phase-transfer catalysts 197
PHB, see polyhydroxybutanoate
Phenolic macromolecule 202, 213
Phenol production from lignin 211
Phenols 212
Phenylacetic acid 313
Phenylalanine 253, 257
Phenylglycine 273
Phenylglycinnitrile 273
Phenylpropanoids 204, 317
Pheromone 77
Phorbol esters 29
Phosgene 57
Phoshorpentachloride 171
Phosphate
– balance 303
– buffers 52
Phosphoproteins 257
Phosphoric acid esters 171
Phosphorpentachloride 171
Phosphorus oxychloride 173
Phosphorus trichloride 57
Photosynthesis 2
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid 52
Phylloquinone 304, 306
Physical treatment 13
Phytotherapy 278
Pigments
– binders 150
– mineral 274
Pigskin 330
Pimarane structure 222
Pimaric acid 223
Pinane 222, 225
Pincus, Gregory 290
Pinene chemistry 228
Pinenes 223, 227
Pine resins 274
Pines 148, 222
Pinus 222
– nigra 222
Piria, Raffaele 279
Piroctone olamine 52
Index
Ovalbumin 261
Overfunctionalized 12
Overman, Eugene 286
Oxidation 57, 104, 119, 122, 139, 140
– of glycerol 104
– of monosaccharides 122
– of starch 173, 175
Oxidized starch products 173
Oxidizing agents 173
Oxiranes 50, 63
4-Oxopentanoic acid 121
Oxygen 62
Ozonides 66
Ozonizer 66
Ozonolysis 66, 85
– of oleic acid 66
P
Packaging 70
– materials 118
– papers 150
Packed columns 48
Pain therapy 286
Paint industry 29
Paints 25–28, 97
Palaquium oblongifolium 238
Palatinose 136
Pale crepe 241
Palm kernel oil, production of 31
Palladium 106, 123, 134
– catalysts 69
– colloids 83
– complex 104
– nanocatalysts, for hydrogenation 83
– /rhenium 47
Palmae 21
Palm fruit
– cross-section 24
– seeds of 24
Palmitic acid 18, 19, 24, 28, 29
Palmitodiolein 97
Palm kernel oil 21, 24, 43, 51
– composition 21
Palm oil 19, 20, 23, 24, 76, 304
– composition 21
– prices of 31
– production of 31, 32
Palms 21
p-Aminobenzoic acid 299
Pantolactone 298
Pantothenic acid 298, 305
– formula 298
Papaverine 285
Papaver somniferum 285
Paper 146, 150, 158
– coatings 150, 261
– deinking 150
– fillers 150
– finishing 150
– handmade 150
– industries 168, 172
– machine 150
– manufacture 150
– mills 150
– production 150, 158
– production, continuous 151
– pulp 150
– recycling 150
– graphical 150
– sizes 151
– worldwide production 150
Papyrus
– Ebers 278
– plant 150
Parabens 52
para-Cymene 223, 225
para-Menthane skeleton 224
Parkes, Alexander 244
Parkinson’s disease 258
Parsley seeds 20
Partially fermented starch plastics 329
Partially hydrolysed starches 168
Pasture grass 348
Pasyryk carpet 266
Payen, Anselme 116, 145
PBS, see polybutylene succinate
PBT, see polybutylene terephthalate
Pea 163
Peanut oil 19, 31
– composition 21
Pears 228
Peas 137, 298
Pectins 138, 139, 144, 262
Pelargonic acid 65
– from oleic acid 65
Pellagra desease 298
Pelletier 284
Penicillins 259, 263, 286, 292
– total syntheses 288
Penicillium
– chrysogenum 286
– notatum 286
Pentadecanoic acid 19
1,5-Pentamethylene diamine 337
Pentanediol (PDO) 122
Pentoses 114, 148
Pentoses, dehydration of 123
Peppermint 224
– oil 315
Peptides 259, 263
Peptizers 243
Peracetic acid 63
Peracid 63
Perbenzoic acid 63
Perfluoro fatty acids 62
Performic acid 63, 64
Perfume 72, 310
– capital 311
– production 320
Perfumes, in shampoos 52
Periodate 136, 174
Periodic acid 174
Permitted daily intake 259
Peroxy fatty acids 63
Personal care products 41
Petals 319
Petrochemicals 6
Petroleum ether 318
Petroselinic acid 20
PGE, see polyglycerol esters
Pharmaceutical
– formulations 93
– oils 55
Pharmaceuticals 97, 118, 330
– natural 277, 278
Phase-I-biorefineries 345, 355
Phase-II-biorefinery 345
Phase-III-biorefinery 345
Phase separation 42
Phase-transfer catalysis, with cyclodextrins 196
Phase-transfer catalysts 197
PHB, see polyhydroxybutanoate
Phenolic macromolecule 202, 213
Phenol production from lignin 211
Phenols 212
Phenylacetic acid 313
Phenylalanine 253, 257
Phenylglycine 273
Phenylglycinnitrile 273
Phenylpropanoids 204, 317
Pheromone 77
Phorbol esters 29
Phosgene 57
Phoshorpentachloride 171
Phosphate
– balance 303
– buffers 52
Phosphoproteins 257
Phosphoric acid esters 171
Phosphorpentachloride 171
Phosphorus oxychloride 173
Phosphorus trichloride 57
Photosynthesis 2
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid 52
Phylloquinone 304, 306
Physical treatment 13
Phytotherapy 278
Pigments
– binders 150
– mineral 274
Pigskin 330
Pimarane structure 222
Pimaric acid 223
Pinane 222, 225
Pincus, Gregory 290
Pinene chemistry 228
Pinenes 223, 227
Pine resins 274
Pines 148, 222
Pinus 222
– nigra 222
Piria, Raffaele 279
Piroctone olamine 52