387
O–O
Index
Naphthoquinones 273
Naphthoquinone skeleton 304
Narcotine 285
Narrow Range Ethoxylates (NRE) 50
Native
– cellulose 328
– starch 166
Natural
– biopolymers 181
– dyes 3, 265, 274
– dyes, history 266
– dyes, market of 274
– fibers 3, 6
– flavors 309, 310
– fragrances 3, 309, 310
– fragrances and flavors 3, 315
– fragrances, from essential oils 315
– gas 5
– indigo 270, 273
– medicinal herbs 278
– monomers 325
– pharmaceuticals 3, 277, 292
– plastics 323
– polyester 332
– resins 79, 333
– rubber 236, 238, 246, 328
– rubber, applications 245
– rubber, compounding 244
– rubber, history 244
– rubber, molar mass distribution 242
– rubber, production of 239
– rubber, properties 241
– rubber, quantities 241
– rubber, structure 236
– rubber, worldwide production 239
– sources 320
– steroids 288
Nature-identical 313
– fragrances 316
– vanillin 211
n-Butanol 126
NCC, see nanocrystalline cellulose
N-Deacetylases 181
Neopentylglycol 58
Neral 224
Nerol 223
Nerolidol 21, 228
Neroli oil 223, 228
Neutralising of fatty acids 43
Neutralization 53
Niacin 298
– formula 298
– production 298
Niacinamide 298
Nickel 123
– catalyst, for hydrogenation 57
– catalysts 69, 83, 129
Nicotinamide 298
Nicotine 278, 285
Nicotinic acid 298
Nitrate starches 171
Nitrating acid 154
Nitric acid 154
– esters 171
Nitrilotriacetic Acid (NTA) 52
Nitrocellulose 95
Nitroglycerol 95
N-Methylglucamine 129
Nobel, Alfred 95
Nomenclature 197
1,19-Nonadecanediol 82
1,9-Nonanedicarboxylic acid 336
Nonanoic acid 65
Non-ionic 125
– surfactants 50, 58, 98
Non-proteinogenic amino acids 253,
263
Norethisterone 290
Normann, Wilhelm 83
Novamont 66
Novozym 435 63
Noyori, Ryoji 258
NR, see natural rubber
NTA, see nitrilotriacetic acid
Nutraceuticals 3
Nuts 299
Nylon-6 337
Nylon-6,6 336
Nylon-10, from aminodecanoic
acid 74
Nylon-11 82, 336
Nylon-11 (Rilsan) 81, 336
Nylon 12 81, 82
O
Ocenol 48
Ochre 274
Ocimenes 224
Octadecanoic acid 18
Octadecene 71
Octane booster 100
2-Octyl-1-decanol 55
2-Octyl-1-dodecanol 55
Odier, Antoine 179
Odorous substances 220
Oilcloth 27
Oil
– extraction 22, 23
– extraction, by carbon dioxide 23
– , extraction solvent 23
– -/fat-based biorefineries 354
– fiber flax 27
– flax 27
– fruits 24
– fruits, processing 22
– palm 23
– palm, fruit of 24
– palm, plantation 24
– plants 17, 31
– plants, composition 21
– presses 22
– prices 31
Oils 3, 4, 6, 15, 18
– basic reactions of 38
– melting point of 18
– vegetable 21
Old rapeseed oil 33
Olea europea 28
Olefins 6
Oleic acid 18, 20, 24–29, 69
– C-C-cleavage 65
– dihydroxylation 65
– epoxidation 65
– in olive oil 28
– in rapeseed oil 25
– oxidation 65
– ozonolysis 66
Oleochemical 38, 75, 338
– industry 45
– polymers 79, 86
Oleochemicals
– cross-metathesis 75
– elemental composition 11
– epoxidation of 63
– ethenolysis 73
– hydrocarboxylation of 69
– hydroformylation of 68
– profitability of 45
– quality criteria 24
– unsaturated 63
Oleochemistry 6, 38, 61
– basics 37
– introduction 18
– raw materials 17
Oleodistearin 97
Oleopalmitostearin 97
Olestra 134
Oleum
– lini 27
– virgineum 28
Oleyl alcohol 46, 48
Oligoaldehyde esters 69
Oligoglycerols 98, 107
Oligomerization, of glycerol 98
Oligopeptides 259, 263
Oligosaccharides 114, 137, 192
Olive oil 18, 28, 43
Olives 28
Olive tree 28
Onion skins 267
Ono Pharmaceutical 196
Opiates 285
Opium 285
– poppy 286
Oranges 302, 315, 318
– blossoms 311
– juice 301
Organic light-emitting diodes 272
Organic solvents 318
Organocell process 208
Organosolv process 208, 214
ortho-Methoxyphenol 317
Osmium tetroxide 65
Osteoporosis 303
O–O
Index
Naphthoquinones 273
Naphthoquinone skeleton 304
Narcotine 285
Narrow Range Ethoxylates (NRE) 50
Native
– cellulose 328
– starch 166
Natural
– biopolymers 181
– dyes 3, 265, 274
– dyes, history 266
– dyes, market of 274
– fibers 3, 6
– flavors 309, 310
– fragrances 3, 309, 310
– fragrances and flavors 3, 315
– fragrances, from essential oils 315
– gas 5
– indigo 270, 273
– medicinal herbs 278
– monomers 325
– pharmaceuticals 3, 277, 292
– plastics 323
– polyester 332
– resins 79, 333
– rubber 236, 238, 246, 328
– rubber, applications 245
– rubber, compounding 244
– rubber, history 244
– rubber, molar mass distribution 242
– rubber, production of 239
– rubber, properties 241
– rubber, quantities 241
– rubber, structure 236
– rubber, worldwide production 239
– sources 320
– steroids 288
Nature-identical 313
– fragrances 316
– vanillin 211
n-Butanol 126
NCC, see nanocrystalline cellulose
N-Deacetylases 181
Neopentylglycol 58
Neral 224
Nerol 223
Nerolidol 21, 228
Neroli oil 223, 228
Neutralising of fatty acids 43
Neutralization 53
Niacin 298
– formula 298
– production 298
Niacinamide 298
Nickel 123
– catalyst, for hydrogenation 57
– catalysts 69, 83, 129
Nicotinamide 298
Nicotine 278, 285
Nicotinic acid 298
Nitrate starches 171
Nitrating acid 154
Nitric acid 154
– esters 171
Nitrilotriacetic Acid (NTA) 52
Nitrocellulose 95
Nitroglycerol 95
N-Methylglucamine 129
Nobel, Alfred 95
Nomenclature 197
1,19-Nonadecanediol 82
1,9-Nonanedicarboxylic acid 336
Nonanoic acid 65
Non-ionic 125
– surfactants 50, 58, 98
Non-proteinogenic amino acids 253,
263
Norethisterone 290
Normann, Wilhelm 83
Novamont 66
Novozym 435 63
Noyori, Ryoji 258
NR, see natural rubber
NTA, see nitrilotriacetic acid
Nutraceuticals 3
Nuts 299
Nylon-6 337
Nylon-6,6 336
Nylon-10, from aminodecanoic
acid 74
Nylon-11 82, 336
Nylon-11 (Rilsan) 81, 336
Nylon 12 81, 82
O
Ocenol 48
Ochre 274
Ocimenes 224
Octadecanoic acid 18
Octadecene 71
Octane booster 100
2-Octyl-1-decanol 55
2-Octyl-1-dodecanol 55
Odier, Antoine 179
Odorous substances 220
Oilcloth 27
Oil
– extraction 22, 23
– extraction, by carbon dioxide 23
– , extraction solvent 23
– -/fat-based biorefineries 354
– fiber flax 27
– flax 27
– fruits 24
– fruits, processing 22
– palm 23
– palm, fruit of 24
– palm, plantation 24
– plants 17, 31
– plants, composition 21
– presses 22
– prices 31
Oils 3, 4, 6, 15, 18
– basic reactions of 38
– melting point of 18
– vegetable 21
Old rapeseed oil 33
Olea europea 28
Olefins 6
Oleic acid 18, 20, 24–29, 69
– C-C-cleavage 65
– dihydroxylation 65
– epoxidation 65
– in olive oil 28
– in rapeseed oil 25
– oxidation 65
– ozonolysis 66
Oleochemical 38, 75, 338
– industry 45
– polymers 79, 86
Oleochemicals
– cross-metathesis 75
– elemental composition 11
– epoxidation of 63
– ethenolysis 73
– hydrocarboxylation of 69
– hydroformylation of 68
– profitability of 45
– quality criteria 24
– unsaturated 63
Oleochemistry 6, 38, 61
– basics 37
– introduction 18
– raw materials 17
Oleodistearin 97
Oleopalmitostearin 97
Olestra 134
Oleum
– lini 27
– virgineum 28
Oleyl alcohol 46, 48
Oligoaldehyde esters 69
Oligoglycerols 98, 107
Oligomerization, of glycerol 98
Oligopeptides 259, 263
Oligosaccharides 114, 137, 192
Olive oil 18, 28, 43
Olives 28
Olive tree 28
Onion skins 267
Ono Pharmaceutical 196
Opiates 285
Opium 285
– poppy 286
Oranges 302, 315, 318
– blossoms 311
– juice 301
Organic light-emitting diodes 272
Organic solvents 318
Organocell process 208
Organosolv process 208, 214
ortho-Methoxyphenol 317
Osmium tetroxide 65
Osteoporosis 303