294
R. Halim
Table 12.4
(continued)
Study
Species
Biomass state
Pretreatment and
cell rupture
Extraction solvents
and conditions
Maximum
yield/recovery at
optimum conditions
Key findings
Herrero et al.
(2006)
D. salina
Freeze-dried
n/a
Pressurised solvent
extraction with
hexane, ethanol or
water
34.6 wt% of available
β-carotene for ethanol
at 160 °C, 17.65 wt%
of available
β-carotene
for hexane at 160 °C,
9.2 wt% of available
β-carotene for water at
160 °C.
Hexane extract had a
higher antioxidant
activity than ethanol
extract. Water was not a
very effective extraction
solvent
Denery et al.
(2004)
D. salina
Freeze-dried
n/a
Pressurised solvent
extraction with
acetone. pressure
=
1500 psi
2.7 mg
β-carotene/g
biomass with acetone at
1500 psi
Pigment extracts
consisted of lutein (32
wt%), chlorophyll b
(18
wt%), chlorophyll a
(13
wt%) and
β-carotene (13
wt%)