Henderson L, Wilson JRU (2017) Changes in the composition and distribution of alien plants in
South Africa: an update from the Southern African Plant. Bothalia 47:a2172. https://doi.org/10.
4102/abc.v47i2.2172
Higgins SI, Turpie JK, Costanza R et al (1997) An ecological economic simulation model of
mountain fynbos ecosystems—dynamics, valuation and management. Ecol Econ 22:155–169.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(97)00575-2
Hill MP, Coetzee JA, Martin GD et al (2020a) Invasive alien aquatic plants in South African
freshwater ecosystems. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya
TA (eds) Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 95–112. https://doi.org/10.
1007/978-3-030-32394-3_4
Hill MP, Moran VC, Hoffmann JH et al (2020b) More than a century of biological control against
invasive alien plants in South Africa: a synoptic view of what has been accomplished. In: van
Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in
South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 549–568. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_19
Hosking SG, Du Preez M (2004) A cost-benefit analysis of the Working for Water Programme on
selected sites in South Africa. Water SA 30:143–152. https://doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v30i2.5059
Jaca T, Mkhize V (2015) Distribution of Iris pseudacorus (Linnaeus, 1753) in South Africa.
BioInvasions Rec 4:249–253. https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2015.4.4.03
Jacobs LEO, Richardson DM, Wilson JRU (2014) Melaleuca parvistaminea Byrnes (Myrtaceae) in
South Africa: invasion risk and feasibility of eradication. S Afr J Bot 94:24–32. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.sajb.2014.05.002
Jacobs LEO, Richardson DM, Lepschi BP et al (2017) Quantifying errors and omissions in the
listing of alien species: Melaleuca in South Africa as a case study. NeoBiota 32:89–105. https://
doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.32.9842
Jooste WJ (1965) Experiments on the chemical control of Alhagi camelorum Fisch. S Afr J Agric
Sci 8:287–288
Kaplan H, van Niekerk A, Le Roux JJ, Richardson DM, Wilson JRU (2014) Incorporating risk
mapping at multiple spatial scales into eradication management plans. Biol Invasions
16:691–703. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-013-0611-z
Kaplan H, Wilson JRU, Klein H et al (2017) A proposed national strategic framework for the
management of Cactaceae in South Africa The history and status of Cactaceae in South Africa.
Bothalia 47:a2149. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v47i2.2149
Knight TM, Havens K, Vitt P (2011) Will the use of less fecund cultivars reduce the invasiveness of
perennial plants? Bioscience 61:816–822. https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.10.11
Kotzé JDF, Beukes BH, Newby TS, van den Berg EC (2010) National invasive alien plant survey.
Council, Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Report no. GW/A/2010/21, 1–17. Agricultural
Research Council—Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Pretoria
Kraaij T, Baard JA, Rikhotso DR, Cole NS, van Wilgen BW (2017) Assessing the effectiveness of
invasive alien plant management in a large fynbos protected area. Bothalia 47:a2105. https://doi.
org/10.4102/abc.v47i2.2105
Kumschick S, Foxcroft LC, Wilson JR (2020) Analysing the risks posed by biological invasions to
South Africa. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds)
Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 569–592. https://doi.org/10.1007/
978-3-030-32394-3_20
Le Maitre DC, Versfeld DB, Chapman RA (2000) The impact of invading alien plants on surface
water resources in South Africa: a preliminary assessment. Water SA 26:397–408
Le Maitre DC, Forsyth GG, Wilson JRU (2015) Guidelines for the development of national speciesbased invasive alien management programmes: setting geographically differentiated goals.
Report no. CSIR/NRE/ECOS/ER/2015/0030/A. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research,
Stellenbosch
Lukey P, Hall J (2020) Biological invasion policy and legislation development and implementation
in South Africa. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds)
Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 513–548. https://doi.org/10.1007/
978-3-030-32394-3_18
21 The Extent and Effectiveness of Alien Plant Control Projects in South Africa
625
South Africa: an update from the Southern African Plant. Bothalia 47:a2172. https://doi.org/10.
4102/abc.v47i2.2172
Higgins SI, Turpie JK, Costanza R et al (1997) An ecological economic simulation model of
mountain fynbos ecosystems—dynamics, valuation and management. Ecol Econ 22:155–169.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(97)00575-2
Hill MP, Coetzee JA, Martin GD et al (2020a) Invasive alien aquatic plants in South African
freshwater ecosystems. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya
TA (eds) Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 95–112. https://doi.org/10.
1007/978-3-030-32394-3_4
Hill MP, Moran VC, Hoffmann JH et al (2020b) More than a century of biological control against
invasive alien plants in South Africa: a synoptic view of what has been accomplished. In: van
Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in
South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 549–568. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_19
Hosking SG, Du Preez M (2004) A cost-benefit analysis of the Working for Water Programme on
selected sites in South Africa. Water SA 30:143–152. https://doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v30i2.5059
Jaca T, Mkhize V (2015) Distribution of Iris pseudacorus (Linnaeus, 1753) in South Africa.
BioInvasions Rec 4:249–253. https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2015.4.4.03
Jacobs LEO, Richardson DM, Wilson JRU (2014) Melaleuca parvistaminea Byrnes (Myrtaceae) in
South Africa: invasion risk and feasibility of eradication. S Afr J Bot 94:24–32. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.sajb.2014.05.002
Jacobs LEO, Richardson DM, Lepschi BP et al (2017) Quantifying errors and omissions in the
listing of alien species: Melaleuca in South Africa as a case study. NeoBiota 32:89–105. https://
doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.32.9842
Jooste WJ (1965) Experiments on the chemical control of Alhagi camelorum Fisch. S Afr J Agric
Sci 8:287–288
Kaplan H, van Niekerk A, Le Roux JJ, Richardson DM, Wilson JRU (2014) Incorporating risk
mapping at multiple spatial scales into eradication management plans. Biol Invasions
16:691–703. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-013-0611-z
Kaplan H, Wilson JRU, Klein H et al (2017) A proposed national strategic framework for the
management of Cactaceae in South Africa The history and status of Cactaceae in South Africa.
Bothalia 47:a2149. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v47i2.2149
Knight TM, Havens K, Vitt P (2011) Will the use of less fecund cultivars reduce the invasiveness of
perennial plants? Bioscience 61:816–822. https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.10.11
Kotzé JDF, Beukes BH, Newby TS, van den Berg EC (2010) National invasive alien plant survey.
Council, Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Report no. GW/A/2010/21, 1–17. Agricultural
Research Council—Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Pretoria
Kraaij T, Baard JA, Rikhotso DR, Cole NS, van Wilgen BW (2017) Assessing the effectiveness of
invasive alien plant management in a large fynbos protected area. Bothalia 47:a2105. https://doi.
org/10.4102/abc.v47i2.2105
Kumschick S, Foxcroft LC, Wilson JR (2020) Analysing the risks posed by biological invasions to
South Africa. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds)
Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 569–592. https://doi.org/10.1007/
978-3-030-32394-3_20
Le Maitre DC, Versfeld DB, Chapman RA (2000) The impact of invading alien plants on surface
water resources in South Africa: a preliminary assessment. Water SA 26:397–408
Le Maitre DC, Forsyth GG, Wilson JRU (2015) Guidelines for the development of national speciesbased invasive alien management programmes: setting geographically differentiated goals.
Report no. CSIR/NRE/ECOS/ER/2015/0030/A. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research,
Stellenbosch
Lukey P, Hall J (2020) Biological invasion policy and legislation development and implementation
in South Africa. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds)
Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 513–548. https://doi.org/10.1007/
978-3-030-32394-3_18
21 The Extent and Effectiveness of Alien Plant Control Projects in South Africa
625